Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.40.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यो वा॒घते॒ ददा॑ति सू॒नरं॒ वसु॒ स ध॑त्ते॒ अक्षि॑ति॒ श्रव॑: । तस्मा॒ इळां॑ सु॒वीरा॒मा य॑जामहे सु॒प्रतू॑र्तिमने॒हस॑म् ॥
यो वाघते ददाति सूनरं वसु स धत्ते अक्षिति श्रवः । तस्मा इळां सुवीरामा यजामहे सुप्रतूर्तिमनेहसम् ॥
yo vāghate dadāti sūnaraṃ vasu sa dhatte akṣiti śravaḥ | tasmā iḻāṃ suvīrām ā yajāmahe supratūrtim anehasam ||
English translation:
“He who presents to the ministrant (priest) wealth fit to be accepted, enjoys inexhaustible abundance; for him we worship, Iḷā, attended by brave warriors, inflicting much injury, receiving none.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Manoḥ putrī = daughter of Manu, the instrumental tutrix of sacrifices; Iḷā is sobhanair-vīrair-bhaṭair-yukta = accompanied by excellent heroes, hence suvīrā
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kaṇvo ghauraḥ [kaṇva ghaura];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): bṛhaspatiḥ ;
Chandas (meter): sataḥpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यः । वा॒घते॑ । ददा॑ति । सू॒नर॑म् । वसु॑ । सः । ध॒त्ते॒ । अक्षि॑ति । श्रवः॑ । तस्मै॑ । इळा॑म् । सु॒ऽवीराम् । आ । य॒जा॒म॒हे॒ । सु॒ऽप्रतू॑र्तिम् । अ॒ने॒हस॑म् ॥
यः । वाघते । ददाति । सूनरम् । वसु । सः । धत्ते । अक्षिति । श्रवः । तस्मै । इळाम् । सुवीराम् । आ । यजामहे । सुप्रतूर्तिम् । अनेहसम् ॥
yaḥ | vāghate | dadāti | sūnaram | vasu | saḥ | dhatte | akṣiti | śravaḥ | tasmai | iḷām | su-vīrām | ā | yajāmahe | su-pratūrtim | anehasam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.40.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“noble.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“imperishable.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“fame; glory; ear.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“refreshment; iḍā [word]; comfort; cow.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“faultless; anehas [word]; incomparable.”