Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.39.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उपो॒ रथे॑षु॒ पृष॑तीरयुग्ध्वं॒ प्रष्टि॑र्वहति॒ रोहि॑तः । आ वो॒ यामा॑य पृथि॒वी चि॑दश्रो॒दबी॑भयन्त॒ मानु॑षाः ॥
उपो रथेषु पृषतीरयुग्ध्वं प्रष्टिर्वहति रोहितः । आ वो यामाय पृथिवी चिदश्रोदबीभयन्त मानुषाः ॥
upo ratheṣu pṛṣatīr ayugdhvam praṣṭir vahati rohitaḥ | ā vo yāmāya pṛthivī cid aśrod abībhayanta mānuṣāḥ ||
English translation:
“You have harnessed the spotted deer to your chariot; the red deer yoked between them, (aids to) drag the car; the firmament listens for your coming, and men are alarmed.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Pṛṣatī = spotted deer (steeds of Maruts); the text says: praṣṭirvahati rohita;
Praṣṭiḥ = a kind of yoke, in the middle of three steeds harnessed to a car;
Rohita = a red deer which bears (vahati) or drags the car (ratham nayati).
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kaṇvo ghauraḥ [kaṇva ghaura];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): marūtaḥ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭsataḥpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उपो॒ इति॑ । रथे॑षु । पृष॑तीः । अ॒यु॒ग्ध्व॒म् । प्रष्टिः॑ । व॒ह॒ति॒ । रोहि॑तः । आ । वः॒ । यामा॑य । पृ॒थि॒वी । चि॒त् । अ॒श्रो॒त् । अबी॑भयन्त । मानु॑षाः ॥
उपो इति । रथेषु । पृषतीः । अयुग्ध्वम् । प्रष्टिः । वहति । रोहितः । आ । वः । यामाय । पृथिवी । चित् । अश्रोत् । अबीभयन्त । मानुषाः ॥
upo iti | ratheṣu | pṛṣatīḥ | ayugdhvam | praṣṭiḥ | vahati | rohitaḥ | ā | vaḥ | yāmāya | pṛthivī | cit | aśrot | abībhayanta | mānuṣāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.39.6 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
“mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“rohita; Rohita; Rohita; Rohita.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], genitive, plural
“you.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“prahara; watch; travel; path.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”
[verb], plural, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)
“fear; fear.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“man; man.”