Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.36.12

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

रा॒यस्पू॑र्धि स्वधा॒वोऽस्ति॒ हि तेऽग्ने॑ दे॒वेष्वाप्य॑म् । त्वं वाज॑स्य॒ श्रुत्य॑स्य राजसि॒ स नो॑ मृळ म॒हाँ अ॑सि ॥
रायस्पूर्धि स्वधावोऽस्ति हि तेऽग्ने देवेष्वाप्यम् । त्वं वाजस्य श्रुत्यस्य राजसि स नो मृळ महाँ असि ॥
rāyas pūrdhi svadhāvo 'sti hi te 'gne deveṣv āpyam | tvaṃ vājasya śrutyasya rājasi sa no mṛḻa mahām̐ asi ||

English translation:

Agni, giver of food, complete our treasures, for the friendship of the gods is obtainable through you. You are lord over famous viands; make us hapy, for you are great.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kaṇvo ghauraḥ [kaṇva ghaura];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriganuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

रा॒यः । पू॒र्धि॒ । स्वध॒ा॒ऽवः॒ । अ॒स्ति॒ । हि । ते॒ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । दे॒वेषु॑ । आप्य॑म् । त्वम् । वाज॑स्य । श्रुत्य॑स्य । रा॒ज॒सि॒ । सः । नः॑ । मृ॒ळ्ह॒ । म॒हान् । अ॒सि॒ ॥
रायः । पूर्धि । स्वधावः । अस्ति । हि । ते । अग्ने । देवेषु । आप्यम् । त्वम् । वाजस्य । श्रुत्यस्य । राजसि । सः । नः । मृळ्ह । महान् । असि ॥
rāyaḥ | pūrdhi | svadhā-vaḥ | asti | hi | te | agne | deveṣu | āpyam | tvam | vājasya | śrutyasya | rājasi | saḥ | naḥ | mṛḷha | mahān | asi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.36.12 English analysis of grammar]

rāyas < rāyaḥ < rai

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

pūrdhi < pṛ

[verb], singular, Aorist imperative

“fill; elapse; pull back; fill; satisfy; bestow; meet; stuff; load; mix; complete.”

svadhāvo < svadhāvas < svadhāvat

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“autonomous; independent.”

'sti < asti < as

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

'gne < agne < agni

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

deveṣv < deveṣu < deva

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

āpyam < āpya

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“friendship.”

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

vājasya < vāja

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

śrutyasya < śrutya

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“celebrated; glorious.”

rājasi < rāj

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“govern; shine; glitter; direct.”

sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

mṛḍa < mṛḍ

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“pardon.”

mahāṃ < mahat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”

asi < as

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

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