Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.33.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

परा॑ चिच्छी॒र्षा व॑वृजु॒स्त इ॒न्द्राय॑ज्वानो॒ यज्व॑भि॒: स्पर्ध॑मानाः । प्र यद्दि॒वो ह॑रिवः स्थातरुग्र॒ निर॑व्र॒ताँ अ॑धमो॒ रोद॑स्योः ॥
परा चिच्छीर्षा ववृजुस्त इन्द्रायज्वानो यज्वभिः स्पर्धमानाः । प्र यद्दिवो हरिवः स्थातरुग्र निरव्रताँ अधमो रोदस्योः ॥
parā cic chīrṣā vavṛjus ta indrāyajvāno yajvabhiḥ spardhamānāḥ | pra yad divo harivaḥ sthātar ugra nir avratām̐ adhamo rodasyoḥ ||

English translation:

“The neglecters of sacrifice, contending with the sacrificers, Indra, fled with averted faces. Indra, fierce, unyielding, lord of steeds, (they appeared) when you did blow the disregarders of religion from off the heaven, and earth and sky.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasaḥ [hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

परा॑ । चि॒त् । शी॒र्षा । व॒वृ॒जुः॒ । ते॒ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । अय॑ज्वानः । यज्व॑ऽभिः । स्पर्ध॑मानाः । प्र । यत् । दि॒वः । ह॒रि॒ऽवः॒ । स्था॒तः॒ । उ॒ग्र॒ । निः । अ॒व्र॒तान् । अ॒ध॒मः॒ । रोद॑स्योः ॥
परा । चित् । शीर्षा । ववृजुः । ते । इन्द्र । अयज्वानः । यज्वभिः । स्पर्धमानाः । प्र । यत् । दिवः । हरिवः । स्थातः । उग्र । निः । अव्रतान् । अधमः । रोदस्योः ॥
parā | cit | śīrṣā | vavṛjuḥ | te | indra | ayajvānaḥ | yajva-bhiḥ | spardhamānāḥ | pra | yat | divaḥ | hari-vaḥ | sthātaḥ | ugra | niḥ | avratān | adhamaḥ | rodasyoḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.33.5 English analysis of grammar]

parā

[adverb]

“away.”

cicchīrṣā < cit

[adverb]

“even; indeed.”

cicchīrṣā < śīrṣā < śīrṣa

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“head; battlefront; ear; front; śīrṣa [word]; tip; skull.”

vavṛjus < vavṛjuḥ < vṛj

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

ta < te < tad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

indrāyajvāno < indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

indrāyajvāno < ayajvānaḥ < ayajvan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

yajvabhi < yajvan

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

spardhamānāḥ < spṛdh

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“rival.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

divo < divaḥ < div

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

hariva < harivat

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

sthātar < sthātṛ

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

ugra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”

nir < niḥ

[adverb]

“niḥ; away; out; without.”

avratāṃ < avrata

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“disobedient; evil.”

adhamo < adhamaḥ < dham

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“heat; blow; fan; blow; ignite; blow; inflate.”

rodasyoḥ < rodasī

[noun], locative, dual, feminine

“heaven and earth; Earth.”

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