Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.33.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वधी॒र्हि दस्युं॑ ध॒निनं॑ घ॒नेनँ॒ एक॒श्चर॑न्नुपशा॒केभि॑रिन्द्र । धनो॒रधि॑ विषु॒णक्ते व्या॑य॒न्नय॑ज्वानः सन॒काः प्रेति॑मीयुः ॥
वधीर्हि दस्युं धनिनं घनेनँ एकश्चरन्नुपशाकेभिरिन्द्र । धनोरधि विषुणक्ते व्यायन्नयज्वानः सनकाः प्रेतिमीयुः ॥
vadhīr hi dasyuṃ dhaninaṃ ghanenam̐ ekaś carann upaśākebhir indra | dhanor adhi viṣuṇak te vy āyann ayajvānaḥ sanakāḥ pretim īyuḥ ||
English translation:
“Verily, Indra, you have slain the wealthy barbarian with your bold; your, singly assailing (him), although with auxiliaries (the Maruts) at hand. Perceiving the impending manifold destructiveness of your bow, they, the Sanakas, the neglecters of sacrifice, perished.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Barbarian: Vṛtra, the Dasyu (lit. a robber), in contrast to Ārya; vṛtrasya antaḥ sarve devaḥ sarvaśca vidyaḥ sarvāṇi haviṃṣi cāsan: he comprehends within him all gods, all knowledge, all o9blations;
Sanakas: followers of Vṛtra who are ayajvānaḥ, non-sacrificers
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasaḥ [hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वधीः॑ । हि । दस्यु॑म् । ध॒निन॑म् । घ॒नेन॑ । एकः॑ । चर॑न् । उ॒प॒ऽशा॒केभिः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । धनोः॑ । अधि॑ । वि॒षु॒णक् । ते॒ । वि । आ॒य॒न् । अय॑ज्वानः । स॒न॒काः । प्रऽइ॑तिम् । ई॒युः॒ ॥
वधीः । हि । दस्युम् । धनिनम् । घनेन । एकः । चरन् । उपशाकेभिः । इन्द्र । धनोः । अधि । विषुणक् । ते । वि । आयन् । अयज्वानः । सनकाः । प्रइतिम् । ईयुः ॥
vadhīḥ | hi | dasyum | dhaninam | ghanena | ekaḥ | caran | upa-śākebhiḥ | indra | dhanoḥ | adhi | viṣuṇak | te | vi | āyan | ayajvānaḥ | sanakāḥ | pra-itim | īyuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.33.4 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“kill; assail; kick; māray; destroy; beat.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“savage; outcast; mugger.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“rich.”
[?]
“_”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“companion.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“bow; Semecarpus anacardium.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[adverb]
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Sanaka.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“death.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”