Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.31.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वं नो॑ अग्ने॒ तव॑ देव पा॒युभि॑र्म॒घोनो॑ रक्ष त॒न्व॑श्च वन्द्य । त्रा॒ता तो॒कस्य॒ तन॑ये॒ गवा॑म॒स्यनि॑मेषं॒ रक्ष॑माण॒स्तव॑ व्र॒ते ॥
त्वं नो अग्ने तव देव पायुभिर्मघोनो रक्ष तन्वश्च वन्द्य । त्राता तोकस्य तनये गवामस्यनिमेषं रक्षमाणस्तव व्रते ॥
tvaṃ no agne tava deva pāyubhir maghono rakṣa tanvaś ca vandya | trātā tokasya tanaye gavām asy animeṣaṃ rakṣamāṇas tava vrate ||
English translation:
“Agni, who are worthy to be praised, preserve us who are opulent with your bounties, and also the person ns (of our sons); you are the defender of cattle for the son of my son, who is ever assiduous in your worship.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasaḥ [hiraṇyastūpa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । नः॒ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । तव॑ । दे॒व॒ । पा॒युऽभिः॑ । म॒घोनः॑ । र॒क्ष॒ । त॒न्वः॑ । च॒ । व॒न्द्य॒ । त्रा॒ता । तो॒कस्य॑ । तन॑ये । गवा॑म् । अ॒सि॒ । अनि॑ऽमेषम् । रक्ष॑माणः । तव॑ । व्र॒ते ॥
त्वम् । नः । अग्ने । तव । देव । पायुभिः । मघोनः । रक्ष । तन्वः । च । वन्द्य । त्राता । तोकस्य । तनये । गवाम् । असि । अनिमेषम् । रक्षमाणः । तव । व्रते ॥
tvam | naḥ | agne | tava | deva | pāyu-bhiḥ | maghonaḥ | rakṣa | tanvaḥ | ca | vandya | trātā | tokasya | tanaye | gavām | asi | ani-meṣam | rakṣamāṇaḥ | tava | vrate
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.31.12 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“guard; pāyu [word]; Pāyu.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“big.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“protect; guard; keep; stow; govern; guard; spare; accumulate.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“body; self; own(a); person; form.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[verb noun], vocative, singular
“worship; laud.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“defender; savior.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“offspring.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“son.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“protect; guard; keep; stow; govern; guard; spare; accumulate.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”