Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.30.10

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तं त्वा॑ व॒यं वि॑श्ववा॒रा शा॑स्महे पुरुहूत । सखे॑ वसो जरि॒तृभ्य॑: ॥
तं त्वा वयं विश्ववारा शास्महे पुरुहूत । सखे वसो जरितृभ्यः ॥
taṃ tvā vayaṃ viśvavārā śāsmahe puruhūta | sakhe vaso jaritṛbhyaḥ ||

English translation:

“We implore you as our friend, who are preferred and invoked by all, (to be favourable) to your worshippers, protector of dwellings.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śunaḥśepa ājīgartiḥ [śunaśepa ājīgarti];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तम् । त्वा॒ । व॒यम् । वि॒श्व॒ऽवा॒र॒ । आ । शा॒स्म॒हे॒ । पु॒रु॒ऽहू॒त॒ । सखे॑ । व॒सो॒ इति॑ । ज॒रि॒तृऽभ्यः॑ ॥
तम् । त्वा । वयम् । विश्ववार । आ । शास्महे । पुरुहूत । सखे । वसो इति । जरितृभ्यः ॥
tam | tvā | vayam | viśva-vāra | ā | śāsmahe | puru-hūta | sakhe | vaso iti | jaritṛ-bhyaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.30.10 English analysis of grammar]

taṃ < tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

vayaṃ < vayam < mad

[noun], nominative, plural

“I; mine.”

viśvavārā < viśva

[noun]

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

viśvavārā < vārā < vāra

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“time; day of the week; turn.”

śāsmahe < śās

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“teach; govern; command; order; control; tell; recommend; chastize; instruct.”

puruhūta

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; Vishnu.”

sakhe < sakhi

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

vaso < vasu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

jaritṛbhyaḥ < jaritṛ

[noun], dative, plural, masculine

“singer.”

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