Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.28.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यत्र॒ मन्थां॑ विब॒ध्नते॑ र॒श्मीन्यमि॑त॒वा इ॑व । उ॒लूख॑लसुताना॒मवेद्वि॑न्द्र जल्गुलः ॥
यत्र मन्थां विबध्नते रश्मीन्यमितवा इव । उलूखलसुतानामवेद्विन्द्र जल्गुलः ॥
yatra manthāṃ vibadhnate raśmīn yamitavā iva | ulūkhalasutānām aved v indra jalgulaḥ ||

English translation:

“When they bind the churning-staff (with a cord), like reins to restrain (a horse), Indra, recognize and partake of the effusion of the mortar.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śunaḥśepa ājīgartiḥ [śunaśepa ājīgarti];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrayajñasomāḥ;
Chandas (meter): anuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यत्र॑ । मन्था॑म् । वि॒ऽब॒ध्नते॑ । र॒श्मीन् । यमि॑त॒वैऽइ॑व । उ॒लूख॑लऽसुतानाम् । अव॑ । इत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । ज॒ल्गु॒लः॒ ॥
यत्र । मन्थाम् । विबध्नते । रश्मीन् । यमितवैइव । उलूखलसुतानाम् । अव । इत् । ऊँ इति । इन्द्र । जल्गुलः ॥
yatra | manthām | vi-badhnate | raśmīn | yamitavai-iva | ulūkhala-sutānām | ava | it | oṃ iti | indra | jalgulaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.28.4 English analysis of grammar]

yatra

[adverb]

“wherein; once [when].”

manthāṃ < manthām < manthā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“churning stick; fenugreek.”

vibadhnate < vibandh < √bandh

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“envelop; wrap; constipate.”

raśmīn < raśmi

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“beam; rein; sunbeam; shininess; cord.”

yamitavā < yamitavai < yam

[verb noun]

“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

ulūkhalasutānām < ulūkhala

[noun], masculine

“mortar; ulūkhala.”

ulūkhalasutānām < sutānām < su

[verb noun], genitive, plural

“press out; su.”

aved < ava

[adverb]

“down.”

aved < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

v < u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

jalgulaḥ < jargur < √gṛ

[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“swallow.”

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