Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.24.13
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
शुन॒:शेपो॒ ह्यह्व॑द्गृभी॒तस्त्रि॒ष्वा॑दि॒त्यं द्रु॑प॒देषु॑ ब॒द्धः । अवै॑नं॒ राजा॒ वरु॑णः ससृज्याद्वि॒द्वाँ अद॑ब्धो॒ वि मु॑मोक्तु॒ पाशा॑न् ॥
शुनःशेपो ह्यह्वद्गृभीतस्त्रिष्वादित्यं द्रुपदेषु बद्धः । अवैनं राजा वरुणः ससृज्याद्विद्वाँ अदब्धो वि मुमोक्तु पाशान् ॥
śunaḥśepo hy ahvad gṛbhītas triṣv ādityaṃ drupadeṣu baddhaḥ | avainaṃ rājā varuṇaḥ sasṛjyād vidvām̐ adabdho vi mumoktu pāśān ||
English translation:
“Śunahśepas, seized and bound to the three-footed tree, has invoked the son of Aditi; may the regal Varuṇa, wise and irresistible, liberate him; may he let loose his bonds.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Triṣu drupadeṣu: druḥ (a tree) is a reference to the tripod-like sacrificial post
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śunaḥśepa ājīgartiḥ sa kṛtrimo vaiśvāmitro devarātaḥ [śunaśepa ājīgarti sa kṛtrima vaiśvāmitra devarāta];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): varuṇaḥ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
शुनः॒शेपः॑ । हि । अह्व॑त् । गृ॒भी॒तः । त्रि॒षु । आ॒दि॒त्यम् । द्रु॒ऽप॒देषु॑ । ब॒द्धः । अव॑ । ए॒न॒म् । राजा॑ । वरु॑णः । स॒सृ॒ज्या॒त् । वि॒द्वान् । अद॑ब्धः । वि । मु॒मो॒क्तु॒ । पासा॑न् ॥
शुनःशेपः । हि । अह्वत् । गृभीतः । त्रिषु । आदित्यम् । द्रुपदेषु । बद्धः । अव । एनम् । राजा । वरुणः । ससृज्यात् । विद्वान् । अदब्धः । वि । मुमोक्तु । पासान् ॥
śunaḥśepaḥ | hi | ahvat | gṛbhītaḥ | triṣu | ādityam | dru-padeṣu | baddhaḥ | ava | enam | rājā | varuṇaḥ | sasṛjyāt | vidvān | adabdhaḥ | vi | mumoktu | pāsān
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.24.13 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Śunaḥśepa.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“raise; call on; call; summon.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“take; grasp; take out; extract; perceive; pick; assume; include; accept; understand; use; learn; possess; keep; choose; accept; afflict; suck; paralyze; mention; mistake; eat; wear; embrace; fill into; capture; eclipse; get; collect; hand down; marry; heed; touch.”
[noun], locative, plural, neuter
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“sun; Aditya; Surya; āditya [word].”
[noun], neuter
“wood; tree; dru [word].”
[noun], locative, plural, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bandh; tie; envelop; close; dress; wrap; bind; constipate; fixate; shape; paralyze; construct; bandage; compress; beset; oblige; strap; restrain; bind; gesticulate; wear; bar; bandh; connect; stud; mix; obstruct; write; restrain; bind; persecute; enclose; ligature; fill into; fasten.”
[adverb]
“down.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.).”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[verb], singular, Perfect optative
“create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“unfailing; unimpaired.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Perfect imperative
“liberate; emit; get rid of; shoot; release; put; tousle; secrete; fill into; shoot; spill; lose; ejaculate; exclude; free; remove; loosen; let go of; add; shed; want; save; defecate; heal; fart; open; abandon; discard; precipitate; reject; lay; unleash; exhale; discharge.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“noose; shackle; eye; pāśa [word]; fetter.”