Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.24.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒रुं हि राजा॒ वरु॑णश्च॒कार॒ सूर्या॑य॒ पन्था॒मन्वे॑त॒वा उ॑ । अ॒पदे॒ पादा॒ प्रति॑धातवेऽकरु॒ताप॑व॒क्ता हृ॑दया॒विध॑श्चित् ॥
उरुं हि राजा वरुणश्चकार सूर्याय पन्थामन्वेतवा उ । अपदे पादा प्रतिधातवेऽकरुतापवक्ता हृदयाविधश्चित् ॥
uruṃ hi rājā varuṇaś cakāra sūryāya panthām anvetavā u | apade pādā pratidhātave 'kar utāpavaktā hṛdayāvidhaś cit ||
English translation:
“The regal Varuṇa verily made with the path of the sun, (by which) to travel on his daily course; a path to traverse in pathless (space); may he be the repeller of every afflicter of the heart.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Cf. sun's course north and south of the equator
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śunaḥśepa ājīgartiḥ sa kṛtrimo vaiśvāmitro devarātaḥ [śunaśepa ājīgarti sa kṛtrima vaiśvāmitra devarāta];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): varuṇaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒रुम् । हि । राजा॑ । वरु॑णः । च॒कार॑ । सूर्या॑य । पन्था॑म् । अनु॑ऽए॒त॒वै । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । अ॒पदे॑ । पादा॑ । प्रति॑ऽधातवे । अ॒कः॒ । उ॒त । अ॒प॒ऽव॒क्ता । हृ॒द॒य॒ऽविधः॑ । चित् ॥
उरुम् । हि । राजा । वरुणः । चकार । सूर्याय । पन्थाम् । अनुएतवै । ऊँ इति । अपदे । पादा । प्रतिधातवे । अकः । उत । अपवक्ता । हृदयविधः । चित् ॥
urum | hi | rājā | varuṇaḥ | cakāra | sūryāya | panthām | anu-etavai | oṃ iti | apade | pādā | prati-dhātave | akaḥ | uta | apa-vaktā | hṛdaya-vidhaḥ | cit
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.24.8 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“wide; broad; great; uru [word]; much(a); excellent.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“way; road; path [word]; journey; method.”
[verb noun]
“follow.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“foot; pad [word].”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“foot; one-fourth; beam; pāda; foot; foundation; pāda [word]; leg; leg; animal foot; step; foot; footfall; verse.”
[verb noun]
“target; insert.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”