Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.22.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
या वां॒ कशा॒ मधु॑म॒त्यश्वि॑ना सू॒नृता॑वती । तया॑ य॒ज्ञं मि॑मिक्षतम् ॥
या वां कशा मधुमत्यश्विना सूनृतावती । तया यज्ञं मिमिक्षतम् ॥
yā vāṃ kaśā madhumaty aśvinā sūnṛtāvatī | tayā yajñam mimikṣatam ||
English translation:
“Aśvins, stir up (mimikṣatam = mix intimately, rapidly like a whip) the sacrifice with your whip that is wet the foam (of your horses), and lashing loudly.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Kāśa = whip, may also mean speech; madhumatī and sunṛtāvatī = wet and loud, signifying sweet and veracious--come with such speech, Aśvins and taste the libation
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhātithi kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): pipīlikāmadhyānicṛdgāyatrī;;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
या । वा॒म् । कशा॑ । मधु॑ऽमती । अश्वि॑ना । सू॒नृता॑ऽवती । तया॑ । य॒ज्ञम् । मि॒मि॒क्ष॒त॒म् ॥
या । वाम् । कशा । मधुमती । अश्विना । सूनृतावती । तया । यज्ञम् । मिमिक्षतम् ॥
yā | vām | kaśā | madhu-matī | aśvinā | sūnṛtāvatī | tayā | yajñam | mimikṣatam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.22.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“whip.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“sweet; honeyed; sweet; pleasant.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“happy; big; auspicious.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[verb], dual, Perfect imperative
“season.”