Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.21.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒ग्रा सन्ता॑ हवामह॒ उपे॒दं सव॑नं सु॒तम् । इ॒न्द्रा॒ग्नी एह ग॑च्छताम् ॥
उग्रा सन्ता हवामह उपेदं सवनं सुतम् । इन्द्राग्नी एह गच्छताम् ॥
ugrā santā havāmaha upedaṃ savanaṃ sutam | indrāgnī eha gacchatām ||
English translation:
“We invoke the two who are fierce (to their foes) to attend the rite, where the libation is prepared; Indra and Agni, come hither.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhātithi kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒ग्रा । सन्ता॑ । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ । उप॑ । इ॒दम् । सव॑नम् । सु॒तम् । इ॒न्द्रा॒ग्नी इति॑ । आ । इ॒ह । ग॒च्छ॒ता॒म् ॥
उग्रा । सन्ता । हवामहे । उप । इदम् । सवनम् । सुतम् । इन्द्राग्नी इति । आ । इह । गच्छताम् ॥
ugrā | santā | havāmahe | upa | idam | savanam | sutam | indrāgnī iti | ā | iha | gacchatām
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.21.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”
[verb noun], accusative, dual
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“raise; call on; call; summon.”
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“press out; su.”
[noun], masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[adverb]
“here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”