Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.20.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अधा॑रयन्त॒ वह्न॒योऽभ॑जन्त सुकृ॒त्यया॑ । भा॒गं दे॒वेषु॑ य॒ज्ञिय॑म् ॥
अधारयन्त वह्नयोऽभजन्त सुकृत्यया । भागं देवेषु यज्ञियम् ॥
adhārayanta vahnayo 'bhajanta sukṛtyayā | bhāgaṃ deveṣu yajñiyam ||

English translation:

“Offerers (of sacrifices), they held (a moral existence); by their pious acts they obtained a share of sacrifices with the gods.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ādhārayanta = they held or enjoyed (prāṇān, i.e. vital airs, life)] [martāsaḥ santo amṛtatvam anaśuḥ: beyong mortals, they obtained immprtality (RV. 1.110.4); saudhanvanā yajñiyam bhāgam ānaśa: by the son of Sudhanvan was a sacrificial portion acquired (RV. 1.60.1); ṛbhavo vai deveṣu tapasā somapītham abhyajayan: ṛbhus won by devotion the drinking of Soma among the gods (Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 3.30)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhātithi kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ṛbhavaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pipīlikāmadhyānicṛdgāyatrī;;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अधा॑रयन्त । वह्न॑यः । अभ॑जन्त । सु॒ऽकृ॒त्यया॑ । भा॒गम् । दे॒वेषु॑ । य॒ज्ञिय॑म् ॥
अधारयन्त । वह्नयः । अभजन्त । सुकृत्यया । भागम् । देवेषु । यज्ञियम् ॥
adhārayanta | vahnayaḥ | abhajanta | su-kṛtyayā | bhāgam | deveṣu | yajñiyam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.20.8 English analysis of grammar]

adhārayanta < dhāray < √dhṛ

[verb], plural, Imperfect

“keep; sustain; put; hold; wear; hold; carry; keep alive; suppress; preserve; remember; stow; stop; have; fill into; endure; support; understand; fixate; govern; restrain.”

vahnayo < vahnayaḥ < vahni

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“fire; digestion; Plumbago zeylanica; Agni; vahni; draft horse; three; sacrificial fire; Vahni; gold; southeast; citron; charioteer; leader.”

'bhajanta < abhajanta < bhaj

[verb], plural, Imperfect

“eat; enjoy; enter (a state); worship; love; flee; possess; fall to one's share; partake; share; get; approach; love; use.”

sukṛtyayā < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

sukṛtyayā < kṛtyayā < kṛtyā

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“magic; spirit; kṛtyā; Kṛtyā; witchcraft; act.”

bhāgaṃ < bhāgam < bhāga

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“part; part; part; parcel; quarter; body part; location; region; allotment; part; numerator; division; application; function; outside; bhāga [word]; volume; helping.”

deveṣu < deva

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

yajñiyam < yajñiya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“sacrificial; divine; devoted.”

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