Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.20.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त त्यं च॑म॒सं नवं॒ त्वष्टु॑र्दे॒वस्य॒ निष्कृ॑तम् । अक॑र्त च॒तुर॒: पुन॑: ॥
उत त्यं चमसं नवं त्वष्टुर्देवस्य निष्कृतम् । अकर्त चतुरः पुनः ॥
uta tyaṃ camasaṃ navaṃ tvaṣṭur devasya niṣkṛtam | akarta caturaḥ punaḥ ||
English translation:
“The Ṛbhus have divided unto four the new ladle, the work of the divine Tvaṣṭā (i.e. devasambandhiḥ takṣana.vyāpāraḥ = divinity whose duty in relations to gods is carpentry; cf. tvaṣṭā tvaṣṭuḥ śiṣyāḥ Ṛbhavaḥ = Ṛbhus are the disciples of Tvaṣṭā; four ladles are an apparent reference to an innovation in the objects of libation for sharing).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Tvaṣṭā is the artisan of the gods; he is a divinity whose duty is carpentry, with relation to the gods
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhātithi kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ṛbhavaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त । त्यम् । च॒म॒सम् । नव॑म् । त्वष्टुः॑ । दे॒वस्य॑ । निःऽकृ॑तम् । अक॑र्त । च॒तुरः॑ । पुन॒रिति॑ ॥
उत । त्यम् । चमसम् । नवम् । त्वष्टुः । देवस्य । निःकृतम् । अकर्त । चतुरः । पुनरिति ॥
uta | tyam | camasam | navam | tvaṣṭuḥ | devasya | niḥ-kṛtam | akarta | caturaḥ | punariti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.20.6 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“that.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“camasa; beaker; cake.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“new; fresh; young; matutinal; recent; nava [word]; modern; fresh.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Tvaṣṭṛ; Viśvakarman; sun.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“produce; remove.”
[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“four; catur [word].”
[adverb]
“again; further; now; over and over; subsequently; repeatedly; however; besides.”