Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.19.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
य उ॒ग्रा अ॒र्कमा॑नृ॒चुरना॑धृष्टास॒ ओज॑सा । म॒रुद्भि॑रग्न॒ आ ग॑हि ॥
य उग्रा अर्कमानृचुरनाधृष्टास ओजसा । मरुद्भिरग्न आ गहि ॥
ya ugrā arkam ānṛcur anādhṛṣṭāsa ojasā | marudbhir agna ā gahi ||
English translation:
“Who are fierce, and send down rain (arka, from arc to worship; āpo vā arkaḥ (Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 10.6.5.2); hence, arka connotes water or rain), and are unsurpassed in strength; come, Agni with the Maruts.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
So arcannacarat tasyārcataḥ āpo ajāyanta: Hiraṇyagarbha proceeded, worshipping, (after creating the solid earth), and from him worshipping the waters were produced (Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 10.6.5.1)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhātithi kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agnirmarutaśca ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ये । उ॒ग्राः । अ॒र्कम् । आ॒नृ॒चुः । अना॑धृष्टासः । ओज॑सा । म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥
ये । उग्राः । अर्कम् । आनृचुः । अनाधृष्टासः । ओजसा । मरुत्भिः । अग्ने । आ । गहि ॥
ye | ugrāḥ | arkam | ānṛcuḥ | anādhṛṣṭāsaḥ | ojasā | marut-bhiḥ | agne | ā | gahi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.19.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sun; copper; Surya; hymn; twelve; fire; beam.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”
[noun], instrumental, plural
“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Aorist imperative
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”