Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.12.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒ग्निं दू॒तं वृ॑णीमहे॒ होता॑रं वि॒श्ववे॑दसम् । अ॒स्य य॒ज्ञस्य॑ सु॒क्रतु॑म् ॥
अग्निं दूतं वृणीमहे होतारं विश्ववेदसम् । अस्य यज्ञस्य सुक्रतुम् ॥
agniṃ dūtaṃ vṛṇīmahe hotāraṃ viśvavedasam | asya yajñasya sukratum ||
English translation:
“We select Agni, the messenger of the gods, their invoker, the possessor of all riches, the perfecter of this rite.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Uṣanas, son of Kavi, is the messenger of the asuras: agnir devānām dūta āsīd; uṣanāḥ kāvya asurāṇām (Taittirīya Saṃhitā 2.5.8.5)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhātithi kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒ग्निम् । दू॒तम् । वृ॒णी॒म॒हे॒ । होता॑रम् । वि॒श्वऽवे॑दसम् । अ॒स्य । य॒ज्ञस्य॑ । सु॒ऽक्रतु॑म् ॥
अग्निम् । दूतम् । वृणीमहे । होतारम् । विश्ववेदसम् । अस्य । यज्ञस्य । सुक्रतुम् ॥
agnim | dūtam | vṛṇīmahe | hotāram | viśva-vedasam | asya | yajñasya | su-kratum
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.12.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“messenger; emissary; dūta [word].”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“choose; ask.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Hotṛ.”
[noun]
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“knowledge.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“wise.”