Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.4.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

परे॑हि॒ विग्र॒मस्तृ॑त॒मिन्द्रं॑ पृच्छा विप॒श्चित॑म् । यस्ते॒ सखि॑भ्य॒ आ वर॑म् ॥
परेहि विग्रमस्तृतमिन्द्रं पृच्छा विपश्चितम् । यस्ते सखिभ्य आ वरम् ॥
parehi vigram astṛtam indram pṛcchā vipaścitam | yas te sakhibhya ā varam ||

English translation:

“Go, worshipper, to the wise and uninjured Indra, who bestows the best (of blessings) on your friends, and ask him of the (fitness of the) learned (priest who recites his praise).”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): madhucchandāḥ vaiśvāmitraḥ [madhucchandas vaiśvāmitra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

परा॑ । इ॒हि॒ । विग्र॑म् । अस्तृ॑तम् । इन्द्र॑म् । पृ॒च्छ॒ । वि॒पः॒ऽचित॑म् । यः । ते॒ । सखि॑ऽभ्यः । आ । वर॑म् ॥
परा । इहि । विग्रम् । अस्तृतम् । इन्द्रम् । पृच्छ । विपःचितम् । यः । ते । सखिभ्यः । आ । वरम् ॥
parā | ihi | vigram | astṛtam | indram | pṛccha | vipaḥ-citam | yaḥ | te | sakhi-bhyaḥ | ā | varam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.4.4 English analysis of grammar]

parehi < pare < √i

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“travel; depart; go; die.”

vigram < vigra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“strong.”

astṛtam < astṛta

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“durable; invincible.”

indram < indra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

pṛcchā < pracch

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“ask; ask; ask; consult; interrogate.”

vipaścitam < vipaścit

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“wise; expert.”

yas < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

sakhibhya < sakhibhyaḥ < sakhi

[noun], ablative, plural, masculine

“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

varam < vara

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“best; excellent; better; choice; optimum; maximal.”

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