Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.2.7
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मि॒त्रं हु॑वे पू॒तद॑क्षं॒ वरु॑णं च रि॒शाद॑सम् । धियं॑ घृ॒ताचीं॒ साध॑न्ता ॥
मित्रं हुवे पूतदक्षं वरुणं च रिशादसम् । धियं घृताचीं साधन्ता ॥
mitraṃ huve pūtadakṣaṃ varuṇaṃ ca riśādasam | dhiyaṃ ghṛtācīṃ sādhantā ||
English translation:
“I invoke Mitra, of pure vigour, and Varuṇa, the devourer of foes; the joint accomplishers of the act bestowing water (on the earth).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Mitra = the Sun;
Varuṇa = the regent of the waters; both are among the twelve Ādityas; Mitra presides over day, Varuṇa presides over night; dhiyam ghṛtācīm sādhantā: dhi, an act; ghṛtācīm, water-shedding
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): madhucchandāḥ vaiśvāmitraḥ [madhucchandas vaiśvāmitra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मि॒त्रम् । हु॒वे॒ । पू॒तऽद॑क्षम् । वरु॑णम् । च॒ । रि॒शाद॑सम् । धिय॑म् । घृ॒ताची॑म् । साध॑न्ता ॥
मित्रम् । हुवे । पूतदक्षम् । वरुणम् । च । रिशादसम् । धियम् । घृताचीम् । साधन्ता ॥
mitram | huve | pūta-dakṣam | varuṇam | ca | riśādasam | dhiyam | ghṛtācīm | sādhantā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.2.7 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“raise; call on; call; summon.”
[verb noun]
“purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Dakṣa; ability; cock; fitness; will; purpose; disposition; cock.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“superior; superior; proud.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
[verb noun], accusative, dual
“promote; succeed.”