Mandukya Upanishad (Gaudapa Karika and Shankara Bhashya)

by Swami Nikhilananda | 1949 | 115,575 words | ISBN-13: 9788175050228

This is verse 4.93 of the Mandukya Karika English translation, including commentaries by Gaudapada (Karika), Shankara (Bhashya) and a glossary by Anandagiri (Tika). Alternate transliteration: Māṇḍūkya-upaniṣad 4.93, Gauḍapāda Kārikā, Śaṅkara Bhāṣya, Ānandagiri Ṭīkā.

Sanskrit text, IAST transliteration and English translation

आदिशान्ता ह्यनुत्पन्नाः प्रकृत्यैव सुनिर्वृताः ।
सर्वे धर्माः समाभिन्ना अजं साम्यं विशारदम् ॥ ९३ ॥

ādiśāntā hyanutpannāḥ prakṛtyaiva sunirvṛtāḥ |
sarve dharmāḥ samābhinnā ajaṃ sāmyaṃ viśāradam || 93 ||

93. All Dharmās or Jīvas are from the very beginning and by their very nature, all peace, unborn and completely free. They are characterised by sameness and are nonseparate from one another. Therefore the Jīvas are Ātman unborn, always established insamenessandpurityitself.

Shankara Bhashya (commentary)

Similarly, there is no room for any effort to make Ātman peaceful, for, all Jīvas are, by their very nature, eternally peaceful, unborn and of the nature of eternal freedom. All Jīvas are further of the same nature and norf-separate from one another. They being Ātman in their very essence, ever pure, unborn and established in sameness, therefore the effort of attaining to liberation is meaningless. For, if something is accomplished with regard to an entity which is always of the same nature, it does not make any change in the thing itself.

Anandagiri Tika (glossary)

The previous Kārikā stated the condition which alone makes one capable of attaining to liberation. But this liberation is not something external or foreign to be achieved or acquired. The Self is, by its very nature, ever free and illumined. It has never been covered with a veil. Therefore one who understands the real import of Advaita Vedānta, realises himself as ever pure, free and illumined and automatically ceases from making efforts at gaining further knowledge.

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