Chapter 33

vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca |
dvāḥsthaṃ prāha mahāprājño dhṛtarāṣṭro mahīpatiḥ |
viduraṃ draṣṭumicchāmi tamihānaya māciram || 1 ||
[Analyze grammar]

prahito dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dūtaḥ kṣattāramabravīt |
īśvarastvāṃ mahārājo mahāprājña didṛkṣati || 2 ||
[Analyze grammar]

evamuktastu viduraḥ prāpya rājaniveśanam |
abravīddhṛtarāṣṭrāya dvāḥstha māṃ prativedaya || 3 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dvāḥstha uvāca |
viduro'yamanuprāpto rājendra tava śāsanāt |
draṣṭumicchati te pādau kiṃ karotu praśādhi mām || 4 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |
praveśaya mahāprājñaṃ viduraṃ dīrghadarśinam |
ahaṃ hi vidurasyāsya nākālyo jātu darśane || 5 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dvāḥstha uvāca |
praviśāntaḥpuraṃ kṣattarmahārājasya dhīmataḥ |
na hi te darśane'kālyo jātu rājā bravīti mām || 6 ||
[Analyze grammar]

vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca |
tataḥ praviśya viduro dhṛtarāṣṭraniveśanam |
abravītprāñjalirvākyaṃ cintayānaṃ narādhipam || 7 ||
[Analyze grammar]

viduro'haṃ mahāprājña saṃprāptastava śāsanāt |
yadi kiṃcana kartavyamayamasmi praśādhi mām || 8 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |
saṃjayo vidura prāpto garhayitvā ca māṃ gataḥ |
ajātaśatroḥ śvo vākyaṃ sabhāmadhye sa vakṣyati || 9 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tasyādya kuruvīrasya na vijñātaṃ vaco mayā |
tanme dahati gātrāṇi tadakārṣītprajāgaram || 10 ||
[Analyze grammar]

jāgrato dahyamānasya śreyo yadiha paśyasi |
tadbrūhi tvaṃ hi nastāta dharmārthakuśalo hyasi || 11 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yataḥ prāptaḥ saṃjayaḥ pāṇḍavebhyo na me yathāvanmanasaḥ praśāntiḥ |
sarvendriyāṇyaprakṛtiṃ gatāni kiṃ vakṣyatītyeva hi me'dya cintā || 12 ||
[Analyze grammar]

vidura uvāca |
abhiyuktaṃ balavatā durbalaṃ hīnasādhanam |
hṛtasvaṃ kāminaṃ coramāviśanti prajāgarāḥ || 13 ||
[Analyze grammar]

kaccidetairmahādoṣairna spṛṣṭo'si narādhipa |
kaccinna paravitteṣu gṛdhyanviparitapyase || 14 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |
śrotumicchāmi te dharmyaṃ paraṃ naiḥśreyasaṃ vacaḥ |
asminrājarṣivaṃśe hi tvamekaḥ prājñasaṃmataḥ || 15 ||
[Analyze grammar]

vidura uvāca |
niṣevate praśastāni ninditāni na sevate |
anāstikaḥ śraddadhāna etatpaṇḍitalakṣaṇam || 16 ||
[Analyze grammar]

krodho harṣaśca darpaśca hrīstambho mānyamānitā |
yamarthānnāpakarṣanti sa vai paṇḍita ucyate || 17 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yasya kṛtyaṃ na jānanti mantraṃ vā mantritaṃ pare |
kṛtamevāsya jānanti sa vai paṇḍita ucyate || 18 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yasya kṛtyaṃ na vighnanti śītamuṣṇaṃ bhayaṃ ratiḥ |
samṛddhirasamṛddhirvā sa vai paṇḍita ucyate || 19 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yasya saṃsāriṇī prajñā dharmārthāvanuvartate |
kāmādarthaṃ vṛṇīte yaḥ sa vai paṇḍita ucyate || 20 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yathāśakti cikīrṣanti yathāśakti ca kurvate |
na kiṃcidavamanyante paṇḍitā bharatarṣabha || 21 ||
[Analyze grammar]

kṣipraṃ vijānāti ciraṃ śṛṇoti vijñāya cārthaṃ bhajate na kāmāt |
nāsaṃpṛṣṭo vyupayuṅkte parārthe tatprajñānaṃ prathamaṃ paṇḍitasya || 22 ||
[Analyze grammar]

nāprāpyamabhivāñchanti naṣṭaṃ necchanti śocitum |
āpatsu ca na muhyanti narāḥ paṇḍitabuddhayaḥ || 23 ||
[Analyze grammar]

niścitya yaḥ prakramate nāntarvasati karmaṇaḥ |
avandhyakālo vaśyātmā sa vai paṇḍita ucyate || 24 ||
[Analyze grammar]

āryakarmaṇi rajyante bhūtikarmāṇi kurvate |
hitaṃ ca nābhyasūyanti paṇḍitā bharatarṣabha || 25 ||
[Analyze grammar]

na hṛṣyatyātmasaṃmāne nāvamānena tapyate |
gāṅgo hrada ivākṣobhyo yaḥ sa paṇḍita ucyate || 26 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tattvajñaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ yogajñaḥ sarvakarmaṇām |
upāyajño manuṣyāṇāṃ naraḥ paṇḍita ucyate || 27 ||
[Analyze grammar]

pravṛttavākcitrakatha ūhavānpratibhānavān |
āśu granthasya vaktā ca sa vai paṇḍita ucyate || 28 ||
[Analyze grammar]

śrutaṃ prajñānugaṃ yasya prajñā caiva śrutānugā |
asaṃbhinnāryamaryādaḥ paṇḍitākhyāṃ labheta saḥ || 29 ||
[Analyze grammar]

aśrutaśca samunnaddho daridraśca mahāmanāḥ |
arthāṃścākarmaṇā prepsurmūḍha ityucyate budhaiḥ || 30 ||
[Analyze grammar]

svamarthaṃ yaḥ parityajya parārthamanutiṣṭhati |
mithyā carati mitrārthe yaśca mūḍhaḥ sa ucyate || 31 ||
[Analyze grammar]

akāmānkāmayati yaḥ kāmayānānparidviṣan |
balavantaṃ ca yo dveṣṭi tamāhurmūḍhacetasam || 32 ||
[Analyze grammar]

amitraṃ kurute mitraṃ mitraṃ dveṣṭi hinasti ca |
karma cārabhate duṣṭaṃ tamāhurmūḍhacetasam || 33 ||
[Analyze grammar]

saṃsārayati kṛtyāni sarvatra vicikitsate |
ciraṃ karoti kṣiprārthe sa mūḍho bharatarṣabha || 34 ||
[Analyze grammar]

anāhūtaḥ praviśati apṛṣṭo bahu bhāṣate |
viśvasatyapramatteṣu mūḍhacetā narādhamaḥ || 35 ||
[Analyze grammar]

paraṃ kṣipati doṣeṇa vartamānaḥ svayaṃ tathā |
yaśca krudhyatyanīśaḥ sansa ca mūḍhatamo naraḥ || 36 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ātmano balamajñāya dharmārthaparivarjitam |
alabhyamicchannaiṣkarmyānmūḍhabuddhirihocyate || 37 ||
[Analyze grammar]

aśiṣyaṃ śāsti yo rājanyaśca śūnyamupāsate |
kadaryaṃ bhajate yaśca tamāhurmūḍhacetasam || 38 ||
[Analyze grammar]

arthaṃ mahāntamāsādya vidyāmaiśvaryameva vā |
vicaratyasamunnaddho yaḥ sa paṇḍita ucyate || 39 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ekaḥ saṃpannamaśnāti vaste vāsaśca śobhanam |
yo'saṃvibhajya bhṛtyebhyaḥ ko nṛśaṃsatarastataḥ || 40 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ekaḥ pāpāni kurute phalaṃ bhuṅkte mahājanaḥ |
bhoktāro vipramucyante kartā doṣeṇa lipyate || 41 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ekaṃ hanyānna vā hanyādiṣurmukto dhanuṣmatā |
buddhirbuddhimatotsṛṣṭā hanyādrāṣṭraṃ sarājakam || 42 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ekayā dve viniścitya trīṃścaturbhirvaśe kuru |
pañca jitvā viditvā ṣaṭsapta hitvā sukhī bhava || 43 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ekaṃ viṣaraso hanti śastreṇaikaśca vadhyate |
sarāṣṭraṃ saprajaṃ hanti rājānaṃ mantravisravaḥ || 44 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ekaḥ svādu na bhuñjīta ekaścārthānna cintayet |
eko na gacchedadhvānaṃ naikaḥ supteṣu jāgṛyāt || 45 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ekamevādvitīyaṃ tadyadrājannāvabudhyase |
satyaṃ svargasya sopānaṃ pārāvārasya nauriva || 46 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ekaḥ kṣamāvatāṃ doṣo dvitīyo nopalabhyate |
yadenaṃ kṣamayā yuktamaśaktaṃ manyate janaḥ || 47 ||
[Analyze grammar]

eko dharmaḥ paraṃ śreyaḥ kṣamaikā śāntiruttamā |
vidyaikā paramā dṛṣṭirahiṃsaikā sukhāvahā || 48 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dvāvimau grasate bhūmiḥ sarpo bilaśayāniva |
rājānaṃ cāviroddhāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ cāpravāsinam || 49 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dve karmaṇī naraḥ kurvannasmiṃlloke virocate |
abruvanparuṣaṃ kiṃcidasato nārthayaṃstathā || 50 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dvāvimau puruṣavyāghra parapratyayakāriṇau |
striyaḥ kāmitakāminyo lokaḥ pūjitapūjakaḥ || 51 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dvāvimau kaṇṭakau tīkṣṇau śarīrapariśoṣaṇau |
yaścādhanaḥ kāmayate yaśca kupyatyanīśvaraḥ || 52 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dvāvimau puruṣau rājansvargasyopari tiṣṭhataḥ |
prabhuśca kṣamayā yukto daridraśca pradānavān || 53 ||
[Analyze grammar]

nyāyāgatasya dravyasya boddhavyau dvāvatikramau |
apātre pratipattiśca pātre cāpratipādanam || 54 ||
[Analyze grammar]

trayo nyāyā manuṣyāṇāṃ śrūyante bharatarṣabha |
kanīyānmadhyamaḥ śreṣṭha iti vedavido viduḥ || 55 ||
[Analyze grammar]

trividhāḥ puruṣā rājannuttamādhamamadhyamāḥ |
niyojayedyathāvattāṃstrividheṣveva karmasu || 56 ||
[Analyze grammar]

traya evādhanā rājanbhāryā dāsastathā sutaḥ |
yatte samadhigacchanti yasya te tasya taddhanam || 57 ||
[Analyze grammar]

catvāri rājñā tu mahābalena varjyānyāhuḥ paṇḍitastāni vidyāt |
alpaprajñaiḥ saha mantraṃ na kuryānna dīrghasūtrairalasaiścāraṇaiśca || 58 ||
[Analyze grammar]

catvāri te tāta gṛhe vasantu śriyābhijuṣṭasya gṛhasthadharme |
vṛddho jñātiravasannaḥ kulīnaḥ sakhā daridro bhaginī cānapatyā || 59 ||
[Analyze grammar]

catvāryāha mahārāja sadyaskāni bṛhaspatiḥ |
pṛcchate tridaśendrāya tānīmāni nibodha me || 60 ||
[Analyze grammar]

devatānāṃ ca saṃkalpamanubhāvaṃ ca dhīmatām |
vinayaṃ kṛtavidyānāṃ vināśaṃ pāpakarmaṇām || 61 ||
[Analyze grammar]

pañcāgnayo manuṣyeṇa paricaryāḥ prayatnataḥ |
pitā mātāgnirātmā ca guruśca bharatarṣabha || 62 ||
[Analyze grammar]

pañcaiva pūjayaṃlloke yaśaḥ prāpnoti kevalam |
devānpitṝnmanuṣyāṃśca bhikṣūnatithipañcamān || 63 ||
[Analyze grammar]

pañca tvānugamiṣyanti yatra yatra gamiṣyasi |
mitrāṇyamitrā madhyasthā upajīvyopajīvinaḥ || 64 ||
[Analyze grammar]

pañcendriyasya martyasya chidraṃ cedekamindriyam |
tato'sya sravati prajñā dṛteḥ pādādivodakam || 65 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ṣaḍdoṣāḥ puruṣeṇeha hātavyā bhūtimicchatā |
nidrā tandrī bhayaṃ krodha ālasyaṃ dīrghasūtratā || 66 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ṣaḍimānpuruṣo jahyādbhinnāṃ nāvamivārṇave |
apravaktāramācāryamanadhīyānamṛtvijam || 67 ||
[Analyze grammar]

arakṣitāraṃ rājānaṃ bhāryāṃ cāpriyavādinīm |
grāmakāmaṃ ca gopālaṃ vanakāmaṃ ca nāpitam || 68 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ṣaḍeva tu guṇāḥ puṃsā na hātavyāḥ kadācana |
satyaṃ dānamanālasyamanasūyā kṣamā dhṛtiḥ || 69 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ṣaṇṇāmātmani nityānāmaiśvaryaṃ yo'dhigacchati |
na sa pāpaiḥ kuto'narthairyujyate vijitendriyaḥ || 70 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ṣaḍime ṣaṭsu jīvanti saptamo nopalabhyate |
corāḥ pramatte jīvanti vyādhiteṣu cikitsakāḥ || 71 ||
[Analyze grammar]

pramadāḥ kāmayāneṣu yajamāneṣu yājakāḥ |
rājā vivadamāneṣu nityaṃ mūrkheṣu paṇḍitāḥ || 72 ||
[Analyze grammar]

sapta doṣāḥ sadā rājñā hātavyā vyasanodayāḥ |
prāyaśo yairvinaśyanti kṛtamūlāśca pārthivāḥ || 73 ||
[Analyze grammar]

striyo'kṣā mṛgayā pānaṃ vākpāruṣyaṃ ca pañcamam |
mahacca daṇḍapāruṣyamarthadūṣaṇameva ca || 74 ||
[Analyze grammar]

aṣṭau pūrvanimittāni narasya vinaśiṣyataḥ |
brāhmaṇānprathamaṃ dveṣṭi brāhmaṇaiśca virudhyate || 75 ||
[Analyze grammar]

brāhmaṇasvāni cādatte brāhmaṇāṃśca jighāṃsati |
ramate nindayā caiṣāṃ praśaṃsāṃ nābhinandati || 76 ||
[Analyze grammar]

naitānsmarati kṛtyeṣu yācitaścābhyasūyati |
etāndoṣānnaraḥ prājño buddhyā buddhvā vivarjayet || 77 ||
[Analyze grammar]

aṣṭāvimāni harṣasya navanītāni bhārata |
vartamānāni dṛśyante tānyeva susukhānyapi || 78 ||
[Analyze grammar]

samāgamaśca sakhibhirmahāṃścaiva dhanāgamaḥ |
putreṇa ca pariṣvaṅgaḥ saṃnipātaśca maithune || 79 ||
[Analyze grammar]

samaye ca priyālāpaḥ svayūtheṣu ca saṃnatiḥ |
abhipretasya lābhaśca pūjā ca janasaṃsadi || 80 ||
[Analyze grammar]

navadvāramidaṃ veśma tristhūṇaṃ pañcasākṣikam |
kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitaṃ vidvānyo veda sa paraḥ kaviḥ || 81 ||
[Analyze grammar]

daśa dharmaṃ na jānanti dhṛtarāṣṭra nibodha tān |
mattaḥ pramatta unmattaḥ śrāntaḥ kruddho bubhukṣitaḥ || 82 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tvaramāṇaśca bhīruśca lubdhaḥ kāmī ca te daśa |
tasmādeteṣu bhāveṣu na prasajjeta paṇḍitaḥ || 83 ||
[Analyze grammar]

atraivodāharantīmamitihāsaṃ purātanam |
putrārthamasurendreṇa gītaṃ caiva sudhanvanā || 84 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yaḥ kāmamanyū prajahāti rājā pātre pratiṣṭhāpayate dhanaṃ ca |
viśeṣavicchrutavānkṣiprakārī taṃ sarvalokaḥ kurute pramāṇam || 85 ||
[Analyze grammar]

jānāti viśvāsayituṃ manuṣyānvijñātadoṣeṣu dadhāti daṇḍam |
jānāti mātrāṃ ca tathā kṣamāṃ ca taṃ tādṛśaṃ śrīrjuṣate samagrā || 86 ||
[Analyze grammar]

sudurbalaṃ nāvajānāti kaṃcidyukto ripuṃ sevate buddhipūrvam |
na vigrahaṃ rocayate balasthaiḥ kāle ca yo vikramate sa dhīraḥ || 87 ||
[Analyze grammar]

prāpyāpadaṃ na vyathate kadācidudyogamanvicchati cāpramattaḥ |
duḥkhaṃ ca kāle sahate jitātmā dhuraṃdharastasya jitāḥ sapatnāḥ || 88 ||
[Analyze grammar]

anarthakaṃ vipravāsaṃ gṛhebhyaḥ pāpaiḥ saṃdhiṃ paradārābhimarśam |
dambhaṃ stainyaṃ paiśunaṃ madyapānaṃ na sevate yaḥ sa sukhī sadaiva || 89 ||
[Analyze grammar]

na saṃrambheṇārabhate'rthavargamākāritaḥ śaṃsati tathyameva |
na mātrārthe rocayate vivādaṃ nāpūjitaḥ kupyati cāpyamūḍhaḥ || 90 ||
[Analyze grammar]

na yo'bhyasūyatyanukampate ca na durbalaḥ prātibhāvyaṃ karoti |
nātyāha kiṃcitkṣamate vivādaṃ sarvatra tādṛglabhate praśaṃsām || 91 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yo noddhataṃ kurute jātu veṣaṃ na pauruṣeṇāpi vikatthate'nyān |
na mūrcchitaḥ kaṭukānyāha kiṃcitpriyaṃ sadā taṃ kurute jano'pi || 92 ||
[Analyze grammar]

na vairamuddīpayati praśāntaṃ na darpamārohati nāstameti |
na durgato'smīti karoti manyuṃ tamāryaśīlaṃ paramāhuragryam || 93 ||
[Analyze grammar]

na sve sukhe vai kurute praharṣaṃ nānyasya duḥkhe bhavati pratītaḥ |
dattvā na paścātkurute'nutāpaṃ na katthate satpuruṣāryaśīlaḥ || 94 ||
[Analyze grammar]

deśācārānsamayāñjātidharmānbubhūṣate yastu parāvarajñaḥ |
sa tatra tatrādhigataḥ sadaiva mahājanasyādhipatyaṃ karoti || 95 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dambhaṃ mohaṃ matsaraṃ pāpakṛtyaṃ rājadviṣṭaṃ paiśunaṃ pūgavairam |
mattonmattairdurjanaiścāpi vādaṃ yaḥ prajñāvānvarjayetsa pradhānaḥ || 96 ||
[Analyze grammar]

damaṃ śaucaṃ daivataṃ maṅgalāni prāyaścittaṃ vividhāṃllokavādān |
etāni yaḥ kurute naityakāni tasyotthānaṃ devatā rādhayanti || 97 ||
[Analyze grammar]

samairvivāhaṃ kurute na hīnaiḥ samaiḥ sakhyaṃ vyavahāraṃ kathāśca |
guṇairviśiṣṭāṃśca purodadhāti vipaścitastasya nayāḥ sunītāḥ || 98 ||
[Analyze grammar]

mitaṃ bhuṅkte saṃvibhajyāśritebhyo mitaṃ svapityamitaṃ karma kṛtvā |
dadātyamitreṣvapi yācitaḥ saṃstamātmavantaṃ prajahatyanarthāḥ || 99 ||
[Analyze grammar]

cikīrṣitaṃ viprakṛtaṃ ca yasya nānye janāḥ karma jānanti kiṃcit |
mantre gupte samyaganuṣṭhite ca svalpo nāsya vyathate kaścidarthaḥ || 100 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yaḥ sarvabhūtapraśame niviṣṭaḥ satyo mṛdurdānakṛcchuddhabhāvaḥ |
atīva saṃjñāyate jñātimadhye mahāmaṇirjātya iva prasannaḥ || 101 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ya ātmanāpatrapate bhṛśaṃ naraḥ sa sarvalokasya gururbhavatyuta |
anantatejāḥ sumanāḥ samāhitaḥ svatejasā sūrya ivāvabhāsate || 102 ||
[Analyze grammar]

vane jātāḥ śāpadagdhasya rājñaḥ pāṇḍoḥ putrāḥ pañca pañcendrakalpāḥ |
tvayaiva bālā vardhitāḥ śikṣitāśca tavādeśaṃ pālayantyāmbikeya || 103 ||
[Analyze grammar]

pradāyaiṣāmucitaṃ tāta rājyaṃ sukhī putraiḥ sahito modamānaḥ |
na devānāṃ nāpi ca mānuṣāṇāṃ bhaviṣyasi tvaṃ tarkaṇīyo narendra || 104 ||
[Analyze grammar]