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Mahabharata [sanskrit]
699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944
The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).
Verse 4.31.1
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
निर्याय नगराच्छूरा व्यूढानीकाः प्रहारिणः ।
त्रिगर्तानस्पृशन्मत्स्याः सूर्ये परिणते सति ॥ १ ॥
vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca |
niryāya nagarācchūrā vyūḍhānīkāḥ prahāriṇaḥ |
trigartānaspṛśanmatsyāḥ sūrye pariṇate sati || 1 ||
Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.
...foremost of kings, defeating and humiliating us in battle along with our friends the Trigartas are seizing your cattle by hundreds and by thousands. Do you, therefore, speedily rescue them. Oh, see...
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (4.31.1). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Vaishampayana, Nirya, Aya, Nagara, Shura, Vyudha, Anika, Praharin, Trigarta, Asprishat, Matsya, Surya, Parinata, Parinati, Sat, Sati,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 4.31.1). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca ”
- vaiśampāyana* -
-
vaiśampāyana (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- uvāca -
-
√vac (verb class 2)[perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]√vac (verb class 3)[perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
- Line 2: “niryāya nagarācchūrā vyūḍhānīkāḥ prahāriṇaḥ ”
- niryā -
-
niryā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- aya -
-
aya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]e (noun, masculine)[compound]
- nagarācch -
-
nagarāt (adverb)[adverb]nagara (noun, masculine)[adverb], [ablative single]nagara (noun, neuter)[adverb], [ablative single]
- śūrā* -
-
śūra (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]śūrā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- vyūḍhā -
-
vyūḍha (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]vyūḍha (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]vyūḍhā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- anīkāḥ -
-
anīka (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]
- prahāriṇaḥ -
-
prahārin (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]prahārin (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]
- Line 3: “trigartānaspṛśanmatsyāḥ sūrye pariṇate sati ”
- trigartān -
-
trigarta (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]
- aspṛśan -
-
aspṛśat (noun, masculine)[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single]aspṛśat (noun, neuter)[nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]√spṛś (verb class 6)[imperfect active third single], [imperfect active third plural]
- matsyāḥ -
-
matsya (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]matsyā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- sūrye -
-
sūrya (noun, masculine)[locative single]sūrya (noun, neuter)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]sūryā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]√sūr -> sūrya (participle, masculine)[locative single from √sūr class 4 verb], [locative single from √sūr class 10 verb]√sūr -> sūrya (participle, neuter)[nominative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [vocative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [accusative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [locative single from √sūr class 4 verb], [nominative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [vocative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [accusative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [locative single from √sūr class 10 verb]√sūr -> sūryā (participle, feminine)[nominative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [vocative single from √sūr class 4 verb], [vocative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [accusative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [nominative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [vocative single from √sūr class 10 verb], [vocative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [accusative dual from √sūr class 10 verb]√sūr (verb class 10)[present passive first single]√sūr (verb class 4)[present middle first single], [present passive first single]
- pariṇate -
-
pariṇata (noun, masculine)[locative single]pariṇata (noun, neuter)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]pariṇatā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]pariṇati (noun, feminine)[vocative single]
- sati -
-
satī (noun, feminine)[adverb], [vocative single]sati (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]sat (noun, masculine)[locative single]sat (noun, neuter)[locative single]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 4.31.1
The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)
4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: 812150094X or 9788121500944;
Buy now!
The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)
ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;
Buy now!Preview of verse 4.31.1 in Kannada sript:
ವೈಶಂಪಾಯನ ಉವಾಚ ।
ನಿರ್ಯಾಯ ನಗರಾಚ್ಛೂರಾ ವ್ಯೂಢಾನೀಕಾಃ ಪ್ರಹಾರಿಣಃ ।
ತ್ರಿಗರ್ತಾನಸ್ಪೃಶನ್ಮತ್ಸ್ಯಾಃ ಸೂರ್ಯೇ ಪರಿಣತೇ ಸತಿ ॥ ೧ ॥
The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)
6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]
Buy now!
Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)
7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.
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The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)
3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]
Buy now!Preview of verse 4.31.1 in Bengali sript:
বৈশংপাযন উবাচ ।
নির্যায নগরাচ্ছূরা ব্যূঢানীকাঃ প্রহারিণঃ ।
ত্রিগর্তানস্পৃশন্মত্স্যাঃ সূর্যে পরিণতে সতি ॥ ১ ॥
Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)
14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]
Buy now!Preview of verse 4.31.1 in Gujarati sript:
વૈશંપાયન ઉવાચ ।
નિર્યાય નગરાચ્છૂરા વ્યૂઢાનીકાઃ પ્રહારિણઃ ।
ત્રિગર્તાનસ્પૃશન્મત્સ્યાઃ સૂર્યે પરિણતે સતિ ॥ ૧ ॥
Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)
1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]
Buy now!Preview of verse 4.31.1 in Malayalam sript:
വൈശംപായന ഉവാച ।
നിര്യായ നഗരാച്ഛൂരാ വ്യൂഢാനീകാഃ പ്രഹാരിണഃ ।
ത്രിഗര്താനസ്പൃശന്മത്സ്യാഃ സൂര്യേ പരിണതേ സതി ॥ ൧ ॥
Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)
7248pages
Buy now!Preview of verse 4.31.1 in Telugu sript:
వైశంపాయన ఉవాచ ।
నిర్యాయ నగరాచ్ఛూరా వ్యూఢానీకాః ప్రహారిణః ।
త్రిగర్తానస్పృశన్మత్స్యాః సూర్యే పరిణతే సతి ॥ ౧ ॥