Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 15.21.12

तन्निर्याणे दुःखितः पौरवर्गो गजाह्वयेऽतीव बभूव राजन् ।
यथा पूर्वं गच्छतां पाण्डवानां द्यूते राजन्कौरवाणां सभायाम् ॥ १२ ॥

tanniryāṇe duḥkhitaḥ pauravargo gajāhvaye'tīva babhūva rājan |
yathā pūrvaṃ gacchatāṃ pāṇḍavānāṃ dyūte rājankauravāṇāṃ sabhāyām || 12 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...journey. Then O son, king Yudhishthira, trembling all over, with utterance choked with tears, said these words in a loud voice, viz.,—'O righteous monarch, where dost...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (15.21.12). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Tan, Irin, Irya, Ani, Duhkhita, Paurava, Ric, Gajahvaya, Ativa, Rajan, Rajat, Yatha, Purvam, Purva, Gacchat, Gacchata, Pandava, Dyuta, Kaurava, Sabha,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 15.21.12). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “tanniryāṇe duḥkhitaḥ pauravargo gajāhvaye'tīva babhūva rājan
  • tann -
  • tan (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
  • iryā -
  • irin (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single]
    irin (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    irya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    irya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ir -> irya (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √ir]
    iryā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • āṇe -
  • āṇi (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    aṇ (verb class 1)
    [imperfect middle first single], [perfect middle first single], [perfect middle third single]
    aṇ (verb class 4)
    [perfect middle first single], [perfect middle third single]
  • duḥkhitaḥ -
  • duḥkhita (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • pauravar -
  • paurava (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    paurava (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • ṛg -
  • ṛc (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
  • o* -
  • a (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
    (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
  • gajāhvaye' -
  • gajāhvaya (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    gajāhvaya (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
  • atīva -
  • atīva (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    atīva (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • babhūva -
  • bhū (verb class 1)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active second plural], [perfect active third single]
  • rājan -
  • rājan (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    rāj -> rājat (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √rāj class 1 verb], [vocative single from √rāj class 1 verb]
  • Line 2: “yathā pūrvaṃ gacchatāṃ pāṇḍavānāṃ dyūte rājankauravāṇāṃ sabhāyām
  • yathā -
  • yathā (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    yathā (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    yathā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • pūrvam -
  • pūrvam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    pūrva (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    pūrva (noun, neuter)
    [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • gacchatām -
  • gacchat (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    gacchat (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
    gacchatā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
    gam (verb class 1)
    [imperative active third dual], [imperative middle third single]
  • pāṇḍavānām -
  • pāṇḍava (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    pāṇḍava (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
  • dyūte -
  • dyūta (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
  • rājan -
  • rājan (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    rāj -> rājat (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √rāj class 1 verb], [vocative single from √rāj class 1 verb]
  • kauravāṇām -
  • kaurava (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    kaurava (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
  • sabhāyām -
  • sabhā (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 15.21.12

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 15.21.12 in Kannada sript:
ತನ್ನಿರ್ಯಾಣೇ ದುಃಖಿತಃ ಪೌರವರ್ಗೋ ಗಜಾಹ್ವಯೇಽತೀವ ಬಭೂವ ರಾಜನ್ ।
ಯಥಾ ಪೂರ್ವಂ ಗಚ್ಛತಾಂ ಪಾಣ್ಡವಾನಾಂ ದ್ಯೂತೇ ರಾಜನ್ಕೌರವಾಣಾಂ ಸಭಾಯಾಮ್ ॥ ೧೨ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

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Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 15.21.12 in Bengali sript:
তন্নির্যাণে দুঃখিতঃ পৌরবর্গো গজাহ্বযেঽতীব বভূব রাজন্ ।
যথা পূর্বং গচ্ছতাং পাণ্ডবানাং দ্যূতে রাজন্কৌরবাণাং সভাযাম্ ॥ ১২ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

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Preview of verse 15.21.12 in Gujarati sript:
તન્નિર્યાણે દુઃખિતઃ પૌરવર્ગો ગજાહ્વયેઽતીવ બભૂવ રાજન્ ।
યથા પૂર્વં ગચ્છતાં પાણ્ડવાનાં દ્યૂતે રાજન્કૌરવાણાં સભાયામ્ ॥ ૧૨ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 15.21.12 in Malayalam sript:
തന്നിര്യാണേ ദുഃഖിതഃ പൌരവര്ഗോ ഗജാഹ്വയേഽതീവ ബഭൂവ രാജന് ।
യഥാ പൂര്വം ഗച്ഛതാം പാണ്ഡവാനാം ദ്യൂതേ രാജന്കൌരവാണാം സഭായാമ് ॥ ൧൨ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 15.21.12 in Telugu sript:
తన్నిర్యాణే దుఃఖితః పౌరవర్గో గజాహ్వయేఽతీవ బభూవ రాజన్ ।
యథా పూర్వం గచ్ఛతాం పాణ్డవానాం ద్యూతే రాజన్కౌరవాణాం సభాయామ్ ॥ ౧౨ ॥

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