Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 14.49.42

इष्टश्चानिष्टगन्धश्च मधुरोऽम्लः कटुस्तथा ।
निर्हारी संहतः स्निग्धो रूक्षो विशद एव च ।
एवं दशविधो ज्ञेयः पार्थिवो गन्ध इत्युत ॥ ४२ ॥

iṣṭaścāniṣṭagandhaśca madhuro'mlaḥ kaṭustathā |
nirhārī saṃhataḥ snigdho rūkṣo viśada eva ca |
evaṃ daśavidho jñeyaḥ pārthivo gandha ityuta || 42 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...extol everything; others, nothing. O foremost one of the deities, duty being thus confused and full of contradictions of various kinds, we are deluded and unable to come to any...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (14.49.42). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Ishta, Ishtagandha, Madhura, Amla, Katu, Tatha, Nirharin, Samhat, Samhata, Snigdha, Ruksha, Vishada, Eva, Evam, Dashavidha, Jneya, Parthiva, Gandha, Iti, Uta,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 14.49.42). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “iṣṭaścāniṣṭagandhaśca madhuro'mlaḥ kaṭustathā
  • iṣṭaś -
  • iṣṭa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    iṣ -> iṣṭa (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √iṣ class 6 verb]
    yaj -> iṣṭa (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √yaj class 1 verb]
  • cān -
  • ca (noun, masculine)
    [accusative plural]
  • iṣṭagandhaś -
  • iṣṭagandha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • madhuro' -
  • madhura (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • amlaḥ -
  • amla (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • kaṭus -
  • kaṭu (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • tathā -
  • tathā (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tathā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    tathā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • Line 2: “nirhārī saṃhataḥ snigdho rūkṣo viśada eva ca
  • nirhārī -
  • nirhārin (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • saṃhataḥ -
  • saṃhat (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
    saṃhata (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • snigdho* -
  • snigdha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    snih -> snigdha (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √snih class 1 verb], [nominative single from √snih class 4 verb]
  • rūkṣo* -
  • rūkṣa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • viśada* -
  • viśada (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • eva -
  • eva (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    eva (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    eva (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • Line 3: “evaṃ daśavidho jñeyaḥ pārthivo gandha ityuta
  • evam -
  • evam (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    evam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    eva (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    eva (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    evā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • daśavidho* -
  • daśavidha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • jñeyaḥ -
  • jñeya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    jñā -> jñeya (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √jñā class 3 verb], [nominative single from √jñā class 9 verb]
  • pārthivo* -
  • pārthiva (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • gandha* -
  • gandha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • ityu -
  • iti (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    iti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • uta -
  • uta (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    uta (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    -> uta (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √ class 1 verb]
    -> uta (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √ class 1 verb]
    u (verb class 2)
    [imperative active second plural]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 14.49.42

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 14.49.42 in Kannada sript:
ಇಷ್ಟಶ್ಚಾನಿಷ್ಟಗನ್ಧಶ್ಚ ಮಧುರೋಽಮ್ಲಃ ಕಟುಸ್ತಥಾ ।
ನಿರ್ಹಾರೀ ಸಂಹತಃ ಸ್ನಿಗ್ಧೋ ರೂಕ್ಷೋ ವಿಶದ ಏವ ಚ ।
ಏವಂ ದಶವಿಧೋ ಜ್ಞೇಯಃ ಪಾರ್ಥಿವೋ ಗನ್ಧ ಇತ್ಯುತ ॥ ೪೨ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 14.49.42 in Bengali sript:
ইষ্টশ্চানিষ্টগন্ধশ্চ মধুরোঽম্লঃ কটুস্তথা ।
নির্হারী সংহতঃ স্নিগ্ধো রূক্ষো বিশদ এব চ ।
এবং দশবিধো জ্ঞেযঃ পার্থিবো গন্ধ ইত্যুত ॥ ৪২ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

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Preview of verse 14.49.42 in Gujarati sript:
ઇષ્ટશ્ચાનિષ્ટગન્ધશ્ચ મધુરોઽમ્લઃ કટુસ્તથા ।
નિર્હારી સંહતઃ સ્નિગ્ધો રૂક્ષો વિશદ એવ ચ ।
એવં દશવિધો જ્ઞેયઃ પાર્થિવો ગન્ધ ઇત્યુત ॥ ૪૨ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 14.49.42 in Malayalam sript:
ഇഷ്ടശ്ചാനിഷ്ടഗന്ധശ്ച മധുരോഽമ്ലഃ കടുസ്തഥാ ।
നിര്ഹാരീ സംഹതഃ സ്നിഗ്ധോ രൂക്ഷോ വിശദ ഏവ ച ।
ഏവം ദശവിധോ ജ്ഞേയഃ പാര്ഥിവോ ഗന്ധ ഇത്യുത ॥ ൪൨ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 14.49.42 in Telugu sript:
ఇష్టశ్చానిష్టగన్ధశ్చ మధురోఽమ్లః కటుస్తథా ।
నిర్హారీ సంహతః స్నిగ్ధో రూక్షో విశద ఏవ చ ।
ఏవం దశవిధో జ్ఞేయః పార్థివో గన్ధ ఇత్యుత ॥ ౪౨ ॥

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