Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Chapter 39

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brahmovāca |
naiva śakyā guṇā vaktuṃ pṛthaktveneha sarvaśaḥ |
avicchinnāni dṛśyante rajaḥ sattvaṃ tamastathā || 1 ||
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anyonyamanuṣajjante anyonyaṃ cānujīvinaḥ |
anyonyāpāśrayāḥ sarve tathānyonyānuvartinaḥ || 2 ||
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yāvatsattvaṃ tamastāvadvartate nātra saṃśayaḥ |
yāvattamaśca sattvaṃ ca rajastāvadihocyate || 3 ||
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saṃhatya kurvate yātrāṃ sahitāḥ saṃghacāriṇaḥ |
saṃghātavṛttayo hyete vartante hetvahetubhiḥ || 4 ||
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udrekavyatirekāṇāṃ teṣāmanyonyavartinām |
vartate tadyathānyūnaṃ vyatiriktaṃ ca sarvaśaḥ || 5 ||
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vyatiriktaṃ tamo yatra tiryagbhāvagataṃ bhavet |
alpaṃ tatra rajo jñeyaṃ sattvaṃ cālpataraṃ tataḥ || 6 ||
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udriktaṃ ca rajo yatra madhyasrotogataṃ bhavet |
alpaṃ tatra tamo jñeyaṃ sattvaṃ cālpataraṃ tataḥ || 7 ||
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udriktaṃ ca yadā sattvamūrdhvasrotogataṃ bhavet |
alpaṃ tatra rajo jñeyaṃ tamaścālpataraṃ tataḥ || 8 ||
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sattvaṃ vaikārikaṃ yonirindriyāṇāṃ prakāśikā |
na hi sattvātparo bhāvaḥ kaścidanyo vidhīyate || 9 ||
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ūrdhvaṃ gacchanti sattvasthā madhye tiṣṭhanti rājasāḥ |
jaghanyaguṇasaṃyuktā yāntyadhastāmasā janāḥ || 10 ||
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tamaḥ śūdre rajaḥ kṣatre brāhmaṇe sattvamuttamam |
ityevaṃ triṣu varṇeṣu vivartante guṇāstrayaḥ || 11 ||
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dūrādapi hi dṛśyante sahitāḥ saṃghacāriṇaḥ |
tamaḥ sattvaṃ rajaścaiva pṛthaktvaṃ nānuśuśruma || 12 ||
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dṛṣṭvā cādityamudyantaṃ kucorāṇāṃ bhayaṃ bhavet |
adhvagāḥ paritapyeraṃstṛṣṇārtā duḥkhabhāginaḥ || 13 ||
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ādityaḥ sattvamuddiṣṭaṃ kucorāstu yathā tamaḥ |
paritāpo'dhvagānāṃ ca rājaso guṇa ucyate || 14 ||
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prākāśyaṃ sattvamāditye saṃtāpo rājaso guṇaḥ |
upaplavastu vijñeyastāmasastasya parvasu || 15 ||
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evaṃ jyotiḥṣu sarveṣu vivartante guṇāstrayaḥ |
paryāyeṇa ca vartante tatra tatra tathā tathā || 16 ||
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sthāvareṣu ca bhūteṣu tiryagbhāvagataṃ tamaḥ |
rājasāstu vivartante snehabhāvastu sāttvikaḥ || 17 ||
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ahastridhā tu vijñeyaṃ tridhā rātrirvidhīyate |
māsārdhamāsavarṣāṇi ṛtavaḥ saṃdhayastathā || 18 ||
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tridhā dānāni dīyante tridhā yajñaḥ pravartate |
tridhā lokāstridhā vedāstridhā vidyāstridhā gatiḥ || 19 ||
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bhūtaṃ bhavyaṃ bhaviṣyacca dharmo'rthaḥ kāma ityapi |
prāṇāpānāvudānaścāpyeta eva trayo guṇāḥ || 20 ||
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yatkiṃcidiha vai loke sarvameṣveva tattriṣu |
trayo guṇāḥ pravartante avyaktā nityameva tu |
sattvaṃ rajastamaścaiva guṇasargaḥ sanātanaḥ || 21 ||
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tamo'vyaktaṃ śivaṃ nityamajaṃ yoniḥ sanātanaḥ |
prakṛtirvikāraḥ pralayaḥ pradhānaṃ prabhavāpyayau || 22 ||
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anudriktamanūnaṃ ca hyakampamacalaṃ dhruvam |
sadasaccaiva tatsarvamavyaktaṃ triguṇaṃ smṛtam |
jñeyāni nāmadheyāni narairadhyātmacintakaiḥ || 23 ||
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avyaktanāmāni guṇāṃśca tattvato yo veda sarvāṇi gatīśca kevalāḥ |
vimuktadehaḥ pravibhāgatattvavitsa mucyate sarvaguṇairnirāmayaḥ || 24 ||
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Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Chapter 39

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

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The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

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