Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 12.329.21

विश्वरूपो मातृपक्षवर्धनोऽत्यर्थं तपस्यभवत् ।
तस्य व्रतभङ्गार्थमिन्द्रो बह्वीः श्रीमत्योऽप्सरसो नियुयोज ।
ताश्च दृष्ट्वा मनः क्षुभितं तस्याभवत्तासु चाप्सरःसु नचिरादेव सक्तोऽभवत् ।
सक्तं चैनं ज्ञात्वाप्सरस ऊचुर्गच्छामहे वयं यथागतमिति ॥ २१ ॥

viśvarūpo mātṛpakṣavardhano'tyarthaṃ tapasyabhavat |
tasya vratabhaṅgārthamindro bahvīḥ śrīmatyo'psaraso niyuyoja |
tāśca dṛṣṭvā manaḥ kṣubhitaṃ tasyābhavattāsu cāpsaraḥsu nacirādeva sakto'bhavat |
saktaṃ cainaṃ jñātvāpsarasa ūcurgacchāmahe vayaṃ yathāgatamiti || 21 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...spouse pale and emaciated, Indra became exceedingly anxious. And the lord of heaven said unto himself, Alas, great is the sorrow that has overtaken me. I have fallen off from the position that is mine. This...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (12.329.21). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Vishvarupa, Matripaksha, Vardhana, Atyartham, Atyartha, Tapa, Tapasya, Tapas, Tad, Vratabhanga, Artha, Indra, Bahvi, Shrimati, Apsaras, Apsarasa, Tas, Mana, Manas, Kshubhita, Nacira, Eva, Sakta, Saktu, Aina, Vaya, Asmad, Yathagata, Iti,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 12.329.21). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “viśvarūpo mātṛpakṣavardhano'tyarthaṃ tapasyabhavat
  • viśvarūpo* -
  • viśvarūpa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • mātṛpakṣa -
  • mātṛpakṣa (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    mātṛpakṣa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • vardhano' -
  • vardhana (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • atyartham -
  • atyartham (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    atyartha (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    atyartha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    atyarthā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • tapasya -
  • tapasya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    tapasya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    tapa (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    tapa (noun, neuter)
    [genitive single]
    tapas (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    tap (verb class 1)
    [present active second single]
  • abhavat -
  • bhū (verb class 1)
    [imperfect active third single]
  • Line 2: “tasya vratabhaṅgārthamindro bahvīḥ śrīmatyo'psaraso niyuyoja
  • tasya -
  • tas -> tasya (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √tas]
    ta (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    ta (noun, neuter)
    [genitive single]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [genitive single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    tas (verb class 4)
    [imperative active second single]
  • vratabhaṅgā -
  • vratabhaṅga (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    vratabhaṅga (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • artham -
  • artha (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    artha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • indro* -
  • indra (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • bahvīḥ -
  • bahvī (noun, feminine)
    [accusative plural]
  • śrīmatyo' -
  • śrīmatī (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • apsaraso* -
  • apsaras (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
    apsarasa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • ni -
  • ni (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    ni (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    ni (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    (noun, masculine)
    [adverb]
    (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    ni (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
  • yuyoja -
  • yuj (verb class 7)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
  • Line 3: “tāśca dṛṣṭvā manaḥ kṣubhitaṃ tasyābhavattāsu cāpsaraḥsu nacirādeva sakto'bhavat
  • tāś -
  • ta (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    tas (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [accusative plural]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • dṛṣṭvā -
  • dṛś -> dṛṣṭvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √dṛś]
  • manaḥ -
  • manas (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    mana (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • kṣubhitam -
  • kṣubhita (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    kṣubhita (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    kṣubhitā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    kṣubh -> kṣubhita (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √kṣubh class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kṣubh class 4 verb], [accusative single from √kṣubh class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṣubh class 9 verb]
    kṣubh -> kṣubhita (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √kṣubh class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kṣubh class 1 verb], [nominative single from √kṣubh class 4 verb], [accusative single from √kṣubh class 4 verb], [nominative single from √kṣubh class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṣubh class 5 verb], [nominative single from √kṣubh class 9 verb], [accusative single from √kṣubh class 9 verb]
  • tasyā -
  • tas -> tasya (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √tas]
    ta (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    ta (noun, neuter)
    [genitive single]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [genitive single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    tas (verb class 4)
    [imperative active second single]
  • abhavat -
  • bhū (verb class 1)
    [imperfect active third single]
  • tāsu -
  • (noun, feminine)
    [locative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [locative plural]
  • -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • apsaraḥsu -
  • apsaras (noun, feminine)
    [locative plural]
  • nacirād -
  • nacira (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
    nacira (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
  • eva -
  • eva (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    eva (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    eva (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • sakto' -
  • sakta (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    saktu (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    sag -> sakta (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √sag class 1 verb]
    saj -> sakta (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √saj class 1 verb]
    sañj -> sakta (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √sañj class 1 verb]
  • abhavat -
  • bhū (verb class 1)
    [imperfect active third single]
  • Line 4: “saktaṃ cainaṃ jñātvāpsarasa ūcurgacchāmahe vayaṃ yathāgatamiti
  • saktam -
  • sakta (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    sakta (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    saktā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    sag -> sakta (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √sag class 1 verb]
    sag -> sakta (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √sag class 1 verb], [accusative single from √sag class 1 verb]
    saj -> sakta (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √saj class 1 verb]
    saj -> sakta (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √saj class 1 verb], [accusative single from √saj class 1 verb]
    sañj -> sakta (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √sañj class 1 verb]
    sañj -> sakta (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √sañj class 1 verb], [accusative single from √sañj class 1 verb]
  • cai -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • ainam -
  • aina (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
  • jñātvā -
  • jñā -> jñātvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √jñā]
    jñā -> jñātvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √jñā]
  • āpsarasa* -
  • āpsarasa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • ūcur -
  • uc (verb class 4)
    [perfect active third plural]
    vac (verb class 2)
    [perfect active third plural]
    vac (verb class 3)
    [perfect active third plural]
  • gacchāmahe -
  • gam (verb class 1)
    [present middle first plural]
  • vayam -
  • vaya (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    vayā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    asmad (pronoun, none)
    [nominative dual]
  • yathāgatam -
  • yathāgata (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    yathāgata (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    yathāgatā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • iti -
  • iti (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    iti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 12.329.21

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 12.329.21 in Kannada sript:
ವಿಶ್ವರೂಪೋ ಮಾತೃಪಕ್ಷವರ್ಧನೋಽತ್ಯರ್ಥಂ ತಪಸ್ಯಭವತ್ ।
ತಸ್ಯ ವ್ರತಭಙ್ಗಾರ್ಥಮಿನ್ದ್ರೋ ಬಹ್ವೀಃ ಶ್ರೀಮತ್ಯೋಽಪ್ಸರಸೋ ನಿಯುಯೋಜ ।
ತಾಶ್ಚ ದೃಷ್ಟ್ವಾ ಮನಃ ಕ್ಷುಭಿತಂ ತಸ್ಯಾಭವತ್ತಾಸು ಚಾಪ್ಸರಃಸು ನಚಿರಾದೇವ ಸಕ್ತೋಽಭವತ್ ।
ಸಕ್ತಂ ಚೈನಂ ಜ್ಞಾತ್ವಾಪ್ಸರಸ ಊಚುರ್ಗಚ್ಛಾಮಹೇ ವಯಂ ಯಥಾಗತಮಿತಿ ॥ ೨೧ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

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Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 12.329.21 in Bengali sript:
বিশ্বরূপো মাতৃপক্ষবর্ধনোঽত্যর্থং তপস্যভবত্ ।
তস্য ব্রতভঙ্গার্থমিন্দ্রো বহ্বীঃ শ্রীমত্যোঽপ্সরসো নিযুযোজ ।
তাশ্চ দৃষ্ট্বা মনঃ ক্ষুভিতং তস্যাভবত্তাসু চাপ্সরঃসু নচিরাদেব সক্তোঽভবত্ ।
সক্তং চৈনং জ্ঞাত্বাপ্সরস ঊচুর্গচ্ছামহে বযং যথাগতমিতি ॥ ২১ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

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Preview of verse 12.329.21 in Gujarati sript:
વિશ્વરૂપો માતૃપક્ષવર્ધનોઽત્યર્થં તપસ્યભવત્ ।
તસ્ય વ્રતભઙ્ગાર્થમિન્દ્રો બહ્વીઃ શ્રીમત્યોઽપ્સરસો નિયુયોજ ।
તાશ્ચ દૃષ્ટ્વા મનઃ ક્ષુભિતં તસ્યાભવત્તાસુ ચાપ્સરઃસુ નચિરાદેવ સક્તોઽભવત્ ।
સક્તં ચૈનં જ્ઞાત્વાપ્સરસ ઊચુર્ગચ્છામહે વયં યથાગતમિતિ ॥ ૨૧ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 12.329.21 in Malayalam sript:
വിശ്വരൂപോ മാതൃപക്ഷവര്ധനോഽത്യര്ഥം തപസ്യഭവത് ।
തസ്യ വ്രതഭങ്ഗാര്ഥമിന്ദ്രോ ബഹ്വീഃ ശ്രീമത്യോഽപ്സരസോ നിയുയോജ ।
താശ്ച ദൃഷ്ട്വാ മനഃ ക്ഷുഭിതം തസ്യാഭവത്താസു ചാപ്സരഃസു നചിരാദേവ സക്തോഽഭവത് ।
സക്തം ചൈനം ജ്ഞാത്വാപ്സരസ ഊചുര്ഗച്ഛാമഹേ വയം യഥാഗതമിതി ॥ ൨൧ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

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Preview of verse 12.329.21 in Telugu sript:
విశ్వరూపో మాతృపక్షవర్ధనోఽత్యర్థం తపస్యభవత్ ।
తస్య వ్రతభఙ్గార్థమిన్ద్రో బహ్వీః శ్రీమత్యోఽప్సరసో నియుయోజ ।
తాశ్చ దృష్ట్వా మనః క్షుభితం తస్యాభవత్తాసు చాప్సరఃసు నచిరాదేవ సక్తోఽభవత్ ।
సక్తం చైనం జ్ఞాత్వాప్సరస ఊచుర్గచ్ఛామహే వయం యథాగతమితి ॥ ౨౧ ॥

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