Chapter 290

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
samyaktvayāyaṃ nṛpate varṇitaḥ śiṣṭasaṃmataḥ |
yogamārgo yathānyāyaṃ śiṣyāyeha hitaiṣiṇā || 1 ||
[Analyze grammar]

sāṃkhye tvidānīṃ kārtsnyena vidhiṃ prabrūhi pṛcchate |
triṣu lokeṣu yajjñānaṃ sarvaṃ tadviditaṃ hi te || 2 ||
[Analyze grammar]

bhīṣma uvāca |
śṛṇu me tvamidaṃ śuddhaṃ sāṃkhyānāṃ viditātmanām |
vihitaṃ yatibhirbuddhaiḥ kapilādibhirīśvaraiḥ || 3 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yasminna vibhramāḥ keciddṛśyante manujarṣabha |
guṇāśca yasminbahavo doṣahāniśca kevalā || 4 ||
[Analyze grammar]

jñānena parisaṃkhyāya sadoṣānviṣayānnṛpa |
mānuṣāndurjayānkṛtsnānpaiśācānviṣayāṃstathā || 5 ||
[Analyze grammar]

rākṣasānviṣayāñjñātvā yakṣāṇāṃ viṣayāṃstathā |
viṣayānauragāñjñātvā gāndharvaviṣayāṃstathā || 6 ||
[Analyze grammar]

pitṝṇāṃ viṣayāñjñātvā tiryakṣu caratāṃ nṛpa |
suparṇaviṣayāñjñātvā marutāṃ viṣayāṃstathā || 7 ||
[Analyze grammar]

rājarṣiviṣayāñjñātvā brahmarṣiviṣayāṃstathā |
āsurānviṣayāñjñātvā vaiśvadevāṃstathaiva ca || 8 ||
[Analyze grammar]

devarṣiviṣayāñjñātvā yogānāmapi ceśvarān |
viṣayāṃśca prajeśānāṃ brahmaṇo viṣayāṃstathā || 9 ||
[Analyze grammar]

āyuṣaśca paraṃ kālaṃ loke vijñāya tattvataḥ |
sukhasya ca paraṃ tattvaṃ vijñāya vadatāṃ vara || 10 ||
[Analyze grammar]

prāpte kāle ca yadduḥkhaṃ patatāṃ viṣayaiṣiṇām |
tiryakca patatāṃ duḥkhaṃ patatāṃ narake ca yat || 11 ||
[Analyze grammar]

svargasya ca guṇānkṛtsnāndoṣānsarvāṃśca bhārata |
vedavāde ca ye doṣā guṇā ye cāpi vaidikāḥ || 12 ||
[Analyze grammar]

jñānayoge ca ye doṣā guṇā yoge ca ye nṛpa |
sāṃkhyajñāne ca ye doṣāstathaiva ca guṇā nṛpa || 13 ||
[Analyze grammar]

sattvaṃ daśaguṇaṃ jñātvā rajo navaguṇaṃ tathā |
tamaścāṣṭaguṇaṃ jñātvā buddhiṃ saptaguṇāṃ tathā || 14 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ṣaḍguṇaṃ ca nabho jñātvā manaḥ pañcaguṇaṃ tathā |
buddhiṃ caturguṇāṃ jñātvā tamaśca triguṇaṃ mahat || 15 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dviguṇaṃ ca rajo jñātvā sattvamekaguṇaṃ punaḥ |
mārgaṃ vijñāya tattvena pralaye prekṣaṇaṃ tathā || 16 ||
[Analyze grammar]

jñānavijñānasaṃpannāḥ kāraṇairbhāvitāḥ śubhaiḥ |
prāpnuvanti śubhaṃ mokṣaṃ sūkṣmā iva nabhaḥ param || 17 ||
[Analyze grammar]

rūpeṇa dṛṣṭiṃ saṃyuktāṃ ghrāṇaṃ gandhaguṇena ca |
śabde saktaṃ tathā śrotraṃ jihvāṃ rasaguṇeṣu ca || 18 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tanuṃ sparśe tathā saktāṃ vāyuṃ nabhasi cāśritam |
mohaṃ tamasi saṃsaktaṃ lobhamartheṣu saṃśritam || 19 ||
[Analyze grammar]

viṣṇuṃ krānte bale śakraṃ koṣṭhe saktaṃ tathānalam |
apsu devīṃ tathā saktāmapastejasi cāśritāḥ || 20 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tejo vāyau tu saṃsaktaṃ vāyuṃ nabhasi cāśritam |
nabho mahati saṃyuktaṃ mahadbuddhau ca saṃśritam || 21 ||
[Analyze grammar]

buddhiṃ tamasi saṃsaktāṃ tamo rajasi cāśritam |
rajaḥ sattve tathā saktaṃ sattvaṃ saktaṃ tathātmani || 22 ||
[Analyze grammar]

saktamātmānamīśe ca deve nārāyaṇe tathā |
devaṃ mokṣe ca saṃsaktaṃ mokṣaṃ saktaṃ tu na kvacit || 23 ||
[Analyze grammar]

jñātvā sattvayutaṃ dehaṃ vṛtaṃ ṣoḍaśabhirguṇaiḥ |
svabhāvaṃ cetanāṃ caiva jñātvā vai dehamāśrite || 24 ||
[Analyze grammar]

madhyasthamekamātmānaṃ pāpaṃ yasminna vidyate |
dvitīyaṃ karma vijñāya nṛpate viṣayaiṣiṇām || 25 ||
[Analyze grammar]

indriyāṇīndriyārthāṃśca sarvānātmani saṃśritān |
prāṇāpānau samānaṃ ca vyānodānau ca tattvataḥ || 26 ||
[Analyze grammar]

avākcaivānilaṃ jñātvā pravahaṃ cānilaṃ punaḥ |
sapta vātāṃstathā śeṣānsaptadhā vidhivatpunaḥ || 27 ||
[Analyze grammar]

prajāpatīnṛṣīṃścaiva mārgāṃśca subahūnvarān |
saptarṣīṃśca bahūñjñātvā rājarṣīṃśca paraṃtapa || 28 ||
[Analyze grammar]

surarṣīnmahataścānyānmaharṣīnsūryasaṃnibhān |
aiśvaryāccyāvitāñjñātvā kālena mahatā nṛpa || 29 ||
[Analyze grammar]

mahatāṃ bhūtasaṃghānāṃ śrutvā nāśaṃ ca pārthiva |
gatiṃ cāpyaśubhāṃ jñātvā nṛpate pāpakarmaṇām || 30 ||
[Analyze grammar]

vaitaraṇyāṃ ca yadduḥkhaṃ patitānāṃ yamakṣaye |
yonīṣu ca vicitrāsu saṃsārānaśubhāṃstathā || 31 ||
[Analyze grammar]

jaṭhare cāśubhe vāsaṃ śoṇitodakabhājane |
śleṣmamūtrapurīṣe ca tīvragandhasamanvite || 32 ||
[Analyze grammar]

śukraśoṇitasaṃghāte majjāsnāyuparigrahe |
sirāśatasamākīrṇe navadvāre pure'śucau || 33 ||
[Analyze grammar]

vijñāyāhitamātmānaṃ yogāṃśca vividhānnṛpa |
tāmasānāṃ ca jantūnāṃ ramaṇīyāvṛtātmanām || 34 ||
[Analyze grammar]

sāttvikānāṃ ca jantūnāṃ kutsitaṃ bharatarṣabha |
garhitaṃ mahatāmarthe sāṃkhyānāṃ viditātmanām || 35 ||
[Analyze grammar]

upaplavāṃstathā ghorāñśaśinastejasastathā |
tārāṇāṃ patanaṃ dṛṣṭvā nakṣatrāṇāṃ ca paryayam || 36 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dvaṃdvānāṃ viprayogaṃ ca vijñāya kṛpaṇaṃ nṛpa |
anyonyabhakṣaṇaṃ dṛṣṭvā bhūtānāmapi cāśubham || 37 ||
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bālye mohaṃ ca vijñāya kṣayaṃ dehasya cāśubham |
rāge mohe ca saṃprāpte kvacitsattvaṃ samāśritam || 38 ||
[Analyze grammar]

sahasreṣu naraḥ kaścinmokṣabuddhiṃ samāśritaḥ |
durlabhatvaṃ ca mokṣasya vijñāya śrutipūrvakam || 39 ||
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bahumānamalabdheṣu labdhe madhyasthatāṃ punaḥ |
viṣayāṇāṃ ca daurātmyaṃ vijñāya nṛpate punaḥ || 40 ||
[Analyze grammar]

gatāsūnāṃ ca kaunteya dehāndṛṣṭvā tathāśubhān |
vāsaṃ kuleṣu jantūnāṃ duḥkhaṃ vijñāya bhārata || 41 ||
[Analyze grammar]

brahmaghnānāṃ gatiṃ jñātvā patitānāṃ sudāruṇām |
surāpāne ca saktānāṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ durātmanām |
gurudāraprasaktānāṃ gatiṃ vijñāya cāśubhām || 42 ||
[Analyze grammar]

jananīṣu ca vartante ye na samyagyudhiṣṭhira |
sadevakeṣu lokeṣu ye na vartanti mānavāḥ || 43 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tena jñānena vijñāya gatiṃ cāśubhakarmaṇām |
tiryagyonigatānāṃ ca vijñāya gatayaḥ pṛthak || 44 ||
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vedavādāṃstathā citrānṛtūnāṃ paryayāṃstathā |
kṣayaṃ saṃvatsarāṇāṃ ca māsānāṃ prakṣayaṃ tathā || 45 ||
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pakṣakṣayaṃ tathā dṛṣṭvā divasānāṃ ca saṃkṣayam |
kṣayaṃ vṛddhiṃ ca candrasya dṛṣṭvā pratyakṣatastathā || 46 ||
[Analyze grammar]

vṛddhiṃ dṛṣṭvā samudrāṇāṃ kṣayaṃ teṣāṃ tathā punaḥ |
kṣayaṃ dhanānāṃ ca tathā punarvṛddhiṃ tathaiva ca || 47 ||
[Analyze grammar]

saṃyogānāṃ kṣayaṃ dṛṣṭvā yugānāṃ ca viśeṣataḥ |
kṣayaṃ ca dṛṣṭvā śailānāṃ kṣayaṃ ca saritāṃ tathā || 48 ||
[Analyze grammar]

varṇānāṃ ca kṣayaṃ dṛṣṭvā kṣayāntaṃ ca punaḥ punaḥ |
jarāmṛtyuṃ tathā janma dṛṣṭvā duḥkhāni caiva ha || 49 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dehadoṣāṃstathā jñātvā teṣāṃ duḥkhaṃ ca tattvataḥ |
dehaviklavatāṃ caiva samyagvijñāya bhārata || 50 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ātmadoṣāṃśca vijñāya sarvānātmani saṃśritān |
svadehādutthitāngandhāṃstathā vijñāya cāśubhān || 51 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
kānsvagātrodbhavāndoṣānpaśyasyamitavikrama |
etanme saṃśayaṃ kṛtsnaṃ vaktumarhasi tattvataḥ || 52 ||
[Analyze grammar]

bhīṣma uvāca |
pañca doṣānprabho dehe pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ |
mārgajñāḥ kāpilāḥ sāṃkhyāḥ śṛṇu tānarisūdana || 53 ||
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kāmakrodhau bhayaṃ nidrā pañcamaḥ śvāsa ucyate |
ete doṣāḥ śarīreṣu dṛśyante sarvadehinām || 54 ||
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chindanti kṣamayā krodhaṃ kāmaṃ saṃkalpavarjanāt |
sattvasaṃśīlanānnidrāmapramādādbhayaṃ tathā |
chindanti pañcamaṃ śvāsaṃ laghvāhāratayā nṛpa || 55 ||
[Analyze grammar]

guṇānguṇaśatairjñātvā doṣāndoṣaśatairapi |
hetūnhetuśataiścitraiścitrānvijñāya tattvataḥ || 56 ||
[Analyze grammar]

apāṃ phenopamaṃ lokaṃ viṣṇormāyāśatairvṛtam |
cittabhittipratīkāśaṃ nalasāramanarthakam || 57 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tamaḥ śvabhranibhaṃ dṛṣṭvā varṣabudbudasaṃnibham |
nāśaprāyaṃ sukhāddhīnaṃ nāśottaramabhāvagam |
rajastamasi saṃmagnaṃ paṅke dvipamivāvaśam || 58 ||
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sāṃkhyā rājanmahāprājñāstyaktvā dehaṃ prajākṛtam |
jñānajñeyena sāṃkhyena vyāpinā mahatā nṛpa || 59 ||
[Analyze grammar]

rājasānaśubhāngandhāṃstāmasāṃśca tathāvidhān |
puṇyāṃśca sāttvikāngandhānsparśajāndehasaṃśritān |
chittvāśu jñānaśastreṇa tapodaṇḍena bhārata || 60 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tato duḥkhodakaṃ ghoraṃ cintāśokamahāhradam |
vyādhimṛtyumahāgrāhaṃ mahābhayamahoragam || 61 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tamaḥkūrmaṃ rajomīnaṃ prajñayā saṃtarantyuta |
snehapaṅkaṃ jarādurgaṃ sparśadvīpamariṃdama || 62 ||
[Analyze grammar]

karmāgādhaṃ satyatīraṃ sthitavratamidaṃ nṛpa |
hiṃsāśīghramahāvegaṃ nānārasamahākaram || 63 ||
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nānāprītimahāratnaṃ duḥkhajvarasamīraṇam |
śokatṛṣṇāmahāvartaṃ tīkṣṇavyādhimahāgajam || 64 ||
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asthisaṃghātasaṃghāṭaṃ śleṣmaphenamariṃdama |
dānamuktākaraṃ bhīmaṃ śoṇitahradavidrumam || 65 ||
[Analyze grammar]

hasitotkruṣṭanirghoṣaṃ nānājñānasudustaram |
rodanāśrumalakṣāraṃ saṅgatyāgaparāyaṇam || 66 ||
[Analyze grammar]

punarājanmalokaughaṃ putrabāndhavapattanam |
ahiṃsāsatyamaryādaṃ prāṇatyāgamahormiṇam || 67 ||
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vedāntagamanadvīpaṃ sarvabhūtadayodadhim |
mokṣaduṣprāpaviṣayaṃ vaḍavāmukhasāgaram || 68 ||
[Analyze grammar]

taranti munayaḥ siddhā jñānayogena bhārata |
tīrtvā ca dustaraṃ janma viśanti vimalaṃ nabhaḥ || 69 ||
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tatastānsukṛtīnsāṃkhyānsūryo vahati raśmibhiḥ |
padmatantuvadāviśya pravahanviṣayānnṛpa || 70 ||
[Analyze grammar]

tatra tānpravaho vāyuḥ pratigṛhṇāti bhārata |
vītarāgānyatīnsiddhānvīryayuktāṃstapodhanān || 71 ||
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sūkṣmaḥ śītaḥ sugandhī ca sukhasparśaśca bhārata |
saptānāṃ marutāṃ śreṣṭho lokāngacchati yaḥ śubhān |
sa tānvahati kaunteya nabhasaḥ paramāṃ gatim || 72 ||
[Analyze grammar]

nabho vahati lokeśa rajasaḥ paramāṃ gatim |
rajo vahati rājendra sattvasya paramāṃ gatim || 73 ||
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sattvaṃ vahati śuddhātmanparaṃ nārāyaṇaṃ prabhum |
prabhurvahati śuddhātmā paramātmānamātmanā || 74 ||
[Analyze grammar]

paramātmānamāsādya tadbhūtāyatanāmalāḥ |
amṛtatvāya kalpante na nivartanti cābhibho |
paramā sā gatiḥ pārtha nirdvaṃdvānāṃ mahātmanām || 75 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
sthānamuttamamāsādya bhagavantaṃ sthiravratāḥ |
ājanmamaraṇaṃ vā te smarantyuta na vānagha || 76 ||
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yadatra tathyaṃ tanme tvaṃ yathāvadvaktumarhasi |
tvadṛte mānavaṃ nānyaṃ praṣṭumarhāmi kaurava || 77 ||
[Analyze grammar]

mokṣadoṣo mahāneṣa prāpya siddhiṃ gatānṛṣīn |
yadi tatraiva vijñāne vartante yatayaḥ pare || 78 ||
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pravṛttilakṣaṇaṃ dharmaṃ paśyāmi paramaṃ nṛpa |
magnasya hi pare jñāne kiṃ nu duḥkhataraṃ bhavet || 79 ||
[Analyze grammar]

bhīṣma uvāca |
yathānyāyaṃ tvayā tāta praśnaḥ pṛṣṭaḥ susaṃkaṭaḥ |
buddhānāmapi saṃmohaḥ praśne'sminbharatarṣabha |
atrāpi tattvaṃ paramaṃ śṛṇu samyaṅmayeritam || 80 ||
[Analyze grammar]

buddhiśca paramā yatra kāpilānāṃ mahātmanām |
indriyāṇyapi budhyante svadehaṃ dehino nṛpa |
kāraṇānyātmanastāni sūkṣmaḥ paśyati taistu saḥ || 81 ||
[Analyze grammar]

ātmanā viprahīṇāni kāṣṭhakuḍyasamāni tu |
vinaśyanti na saṃdehaḥ phenā iva mahārṇave || 82 ||
[Analyze grammar]

indriyaiḥ saha suptasya dehinaḥ śatrutāpana |
sūkṣmaścarati sarvatra nabhasīva samīraṇaḥ || 83 ||
[Analyze grammar]

sa paśyati yathānyāyaṃ sparśānspṛśati cābhibho |
budhyamāno yathāpūrvamakhileneha bhārata || 84 ||
[Analyze grammar]

indriyāṇīha sarvāṇi sve sve sthāne yathāvidhi |
anīśatvātpralīyante sarpā hataviṣā iva || 85 ||
[Analyze grammar]

indriyāṇāṃ tu sarveṣāṃ svasthāneṣveva sarvaśaḥ |
ākramya gatayaḥ sūkṣmāścaratyātmā na saṃśayaḥ || 86 ||
[Analyze grammar]

sattvasya ca guṇānkṛtsnānrajasaśca guṇānpunaḥ |
guṇāṃśca tamasaḥ sarvānguṇānbuddheśca bhārata || 87 ||
[Analyze grammar]

guṇāṃśca manasastadvannabhasaśca guṇāṃstathā |
guṇānvāyośca dharmātmaṃstejasaśca guṇānpunaḥ || 88 ||
[Analyze grammar]

apāṃ guṇāṃstathā pārtha pārthivāṃśca guṇānapi |
sarvātmanā guṇairvyāpya kṣetrajñaḥ sa yudhiṣṭhira || 89 ||
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ātmā ca yāti kṣetrajñaṃ karmaṇī ca śubhāśubhe |
śiṣyā iva mahātmānamindriyāṇi ca taṃ vibho || 90 ||
[Analyze grammar]

prakṛtiṃ cāpyatikramya gacchatyātmānamavyayam |
paraṃ nārāyaṇātmānaṃ nirdvaṃdvaṃ prakṛteḥ param || 91 ||
[Analyze grammar]

vimuktaḥ puṇyapāpebhyaḥ praviṣṭastamanāmayam |
paramātmānamaguṇaṃ na nivartati bhārata || 92 ||
[Analyze grammar]

śiṣṭaṃ tvatra manastāta indriyāṇi ca bhārata |
āgacchanti yathākālaṃ guroḥ saṃdeśakāriṇaḥ || 93 ||
[Analyze grammar]

śakyaṃ cālpena kālena śāntiṃ prāptuṃ guṇārthinā |
evaṃ yuktena kaunteya yuktajñānena mokṣiṇā || 94 ||
[Analyze grammar]

sāṃkhyā rājanmahāprājñā gacchanti paramāṃ gatim |
jñānenānena kaunteya tulyaṃ jñānaṃ na vidyate || 95 ||
[Analyze grammar]

atra te saṃśayo mā bhūjjñānaṃ sāṃkhyaṃ paraṃ matam |
akṣaraṃ dhruvamavyaktaṃ pūrvaṃ brahma sanātanam || 96 ||
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anādimadhyanidhanaṃ nirdvaṃdvaṃ kartṛ śāśvatam |
kūṭasthaṃ caiva nityaṃ ca yadvadanti śamātmakāḥ || 97 ||
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yataḥ sarvāḥ pravartante sargapralayavikriyāḥ |
yacca śaṃsanti śāstreṣu vadanti paramarṣayaḥ || 98 ||
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sarve viprāśca devāśca tathāgamavido janāḥ |
brahmaṇyaṃ paramaṃ devamanantaṃ parato'cyutam || 99 ||
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prārthayantaśca taṃ viprā vadanti guṇabuddhayaḥ |
samyagyuktāstathā yogāḥ sāṃkhyāścāmitadarśanāḥ || 100 ||
[Analyze grammar]

amūrtestasya kaunteya sāṃkhyaṃ mūrtiriti śrutiḥ |
abhijñānāni tasyāhurmataṃ hi bharatarṣabha || 101 ||
[Analyze grammar]

dvividhānīha bhūtāni pṛthivyāṃ pṛthivīpate |
jaṅgamāgamasaṃjñāni jaṅgamaṃ tu viśiṣyate || 102 ||
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jñānaṃ mahadyaddhi mahatsu rājanvedeṣu sāṃkhyeṣu tathaiva yoge |
yaccāpi dṛṣṭaṃ vividhaṃ purāṇaṃ sāṃkhyāgataṃ tannikhilaṃ narendra || 103 ||
[Analyze grammar]

yaccetihāseṣu mahatsu dṛṣṭaṃ yaccārthaśāstre nṛpa śiṣṭajuṣṭe |
jñānaṃ ca loke yadihāsti kiṃcitsāṃkhyāgataṃ tacca mahanmahātman || 104 ||
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śamaśca dṛṣṭaḥ paramaṃ balaṃ ca jñānaṃ ca sūkṣmaṃ ca yathāvaduktam |
tapāṃsi sūkṣmāṇi sukhāni caiva sāṃkhye yathāvadvihitāni rājan || 105 ||
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viparyaye tasya hi pārtha devāngacchanti sāṃkhyāḥ satataṃ sukhena |
tāṃścānusaṃcārya tataḥ kṛtārthāḥ patanti vipreṣu yateṣu bhūyaḥ || 106 ||
[Analyze grammar]

hitvā ca dehaṃ praviśanti mokṣaṃ divaukaso dyāmiva pārtha sāṃkhyāḥ |
tato'dhikaṃ te'bhiratā mahārhe sāṃkhye dvijāḥ pārthiva śiṣṭajuṣṭe || 107 ||
[Analyze grammar]

teṣāṃ na tiryaggamanaṃ hi dṛṣṭaṃ nāvāggatiḥ pāpakṛtāṃ nivāsaḥ |
na cābudhānāmapi te dvijātayo ye jñānametannṛpate'nuraktāḥ || 108 ||
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sāṃkhyaṃ viśālaṃ paramaṃ purāṇaṃ mahārṇavaṃ vimalamudārakāntam |
kṛtsnaṃ ca sāṃkhyaṃ nṛpate mahātmā nārāyaṇo dhārayate'prameyam || 109 ||
[Analyze grammar]

etanmayoktaṃ naradeva tattvaṃ nārāyaṇo viśvamidaṃ purāṇam |
sa sargakāle ca karoti sargaṃ saṃhārakāle ca tadatti bhūyaḥ || 110 ||
[Analyze grammar]