Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 12.288.45

भीष्म उवाच ।
संवाद इत्ययं श्रेष्ठः साध्यानां परिकीर्तितः ।
क्षेत्रं वै कर्मणां योनिः सद्भावः सत्यमुच्यते ॥ ४५ ॥

bhīṣma uvāca |
saṃvāda ityayaṃ śreṣṭhaḥ sādhyānāṃ parikīrtitaḥ |
kṣetraṃ vai karmaṇāṃ yoniḥ sadbhāvaḥ satyamucyate || 45 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...combinations are which are productive of good beholding the abominable conduct of creatures whose natures are characterised by Darkness or Passion or Goodness, O chief of Bharata’s race—conduct that is reprehended...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (12.288.45). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Bhishma, Samvada, Iti, Itya, Aya, Idam, Shreshtha, Sadhya, Parikirtita, Kshetra, Karman, Yah, Nih, Sadbhava, Satyam, Satya, Ucyat,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 12.288.45). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “bhīṣma uvāca
  • bhīṣma* -
  • bhīṣma (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • uvāca -
  • vac (verb class 2)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
    vac (verb class 3)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
  • Line 2: “saṃvāda ityayaṃ śreṣṭhaḥ sādhyānāṃ parikīrtitaḥ
  • saṃvāda* -
  • saṃvāda (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • itya -
  • iti (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    iti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    itya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    itya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    i -> itya (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √i]
    i -> itya (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √i class 2 verb]
    i -> itya (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √i class 2 verb]
  • ayam -
  • aya (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    idam (pronoun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • śreṣṭhaḥ -
  • śreṣṭha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • sādhyānām -
  • sādhya (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    sādhya (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
    sādhyā (noun, feminine)
    [genitive plural]
    sādh -> sādhya (participle, masculine)
    [genitive plural from √sādh class 1 verb], [genitive plural from √sādh class 4 verb], [genitive plural from √sādh class 5 verb]
    sādh -> sādhya (participle, neuter)
    [genitive plural from √sādh class 1 verb], [genitive plural from √sādh class 4 verb], [genitive plural from √sādh class 5 verb]
    sādh -> sādhyā (participle, feminine)
    [genitive plural from √sādh class 1 verb], [genitive plural from √sādh class 4 verb], [genitive plural from √sādh class 5 verb]
    sidh -> sādhya (participle, masculine)
    [genitive plural from √sidh]
    sidh -> sādhya (participle, neuter)
    [genitive plural from √sidh]
    sidh -> sādhyā (participle, feminine)
    [genitive plural from √sidh]
  • parikīrtitaḥ -
  • parikīrtita (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • Line 3: “kṣetraṃ vai karmaṇāṃ yoniḥ sadbhāvaḥ satyamucyate
  • kṣetram -
  • kṣetra (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • vai -
  • (verb class 1)
    [present middle first single], [imperative middle first single]
  • karmaṇām -
  • karman (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
  • yo -
  • yaḥ (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    yu (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    yu (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
    ya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • niḥ -
  • niḥ (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    niḥ (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    ni (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    ni (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • sadbhāvaḥ -
  • sadbhāva (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • satyam -
  • satyam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    satya (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    satya (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    satyā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • ucyate -
  • uc -> ucyat (participle, masculine)
    [dative single from √uc class 4 verb]
    uc -> ucyat (participle, neuter)
    [dative single from √uc class 4 verb]
    vac (verb class 2)
    [present passive third single]
    vac (verb class 3)
    [present passive third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 12.288.45

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 12.288.45 in Kannada sript:
ಭೀಷ್ಮ ಉವಾಚ ।
ಸಂವಾದ ಇತ್ಯಯಂ ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠಃ ಸಾಧ್ಯಾನಾಂ ಪರಿಕೀರ್ತಿತಃ ।
ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರಂ ವೈ ಕರ್ಮಣಾಂ ಯೋನಿಃ ಸದ್ಭಾವಃ ಸತ್ಯಮುಚ್ಯತೇ ॥ ೪೫ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 12.288.45 in Bengali sript:
ভীষ্ম উবাচ ।
সংবাদ ইত্যযং শ্রেষ্ঠঃ সাধ্যানাং পরিকীর্তিতঃ ।
ক্ষেত্রং বৈ কর্মণাং যোনিঃ সদ্ভাবঃ সত্যমুচ্যতে ॥ ৪৫ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.288.45 in Gujarati sript:
ભીષ્મ ઉવાચ ।
સંવાદ ઇત્યયં શ્રેષ્ઠઃ સાધ્યાનાં પરિકીર્તિતઃ ।
ક્ષેત્રં વૈ કર્મણાં યોનિઃ સદ્ભાવઃ સત્યમુચ્યતે ॥ ૪૫ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.288.45 in Malayalam sript:
ഭീഷ്മ ഉവാച ।
സംവാദ ഇത്യയം ശ്രേഷ്ഠഃ സാധ്യാനാം പരികീര്തിതഃ ।
ക്ഷേത്രം വൈ കര്മണാം യോനിഃ സദ്ഭാവഃ സത്യമുച്യതേ ॥ ൪൫ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.288.45 in Telugu sript:
భీష్మ ఉవాచ ।
సంవాద ఇత్యయం శ్రేష్ఠః సాధ్యానాం పరికీర్తితః ।
క్షేత్రం వై కర్మణాం యోనిః సద్భావః సత్యముచ్యతే ॥ ౪౫ ॥

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