Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 12.285.1

जनक उवाच ।
वर्णो विशेषवर्णानां महर्षे केन जायते ।
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं तद्ब्रूहि वदतां वर ॥ १ ॥

janaka uvāca |
varṇo viśeṣavarṇānāṃ maharṣe kena jāyate |
etadicchāmyahaṃ śrotuṃ tadbrūhi vadatāṃ vara || 1 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...fragrant) flowers, become in respect of quality very agreeable, even so the quality of Sattva arises in men in proportion to the measure of their association with persons of cleansed souls.{GL_NOTE:175717:}...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (12.285.1). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Janaka, Varna, Vishesha, Maharshi, Kena, Kah, Kim, Jayat, Etad, Ccha, Amin, Adah, Aha, Asmad, Shrotu, Tad, Tat, Vadat, Vara,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 12.285.1). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “janaka uvāca
  • janaka* -
  • janaka (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • uvāca -
  • vac (verb class 2)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
    vac (verb class 3)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
  • Line 2: “varṇo viśeṣavarṇānāṃ maharṣe kena jāyate
  • varṇo* -
  • varṇa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • viśeṣa -
  • viśeṣa (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    viśeṣa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • varṇānām -
  • varṇa (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    varṇa (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
    varṇā (noun, feminine)
    [genitive plural]
  • maharṣe -
  • maharṣi (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
  • kena -
  • kena (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kena (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    kena (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ka (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    ka (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
    kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    kim (pronoun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
  • jāyate -
  • jai -> jāyat (participle, masculine)
    [dative single from √jai class 1 verb]
    jai -> jāyat (participle, neuter)
    [dative single from √jai class 1 verb]
    jai (verb class 1)
    [present middle third single]
    jan (verb class 4)
    [present middle third single]
  • Line 3: “etadicchāmyahaṃ śrotuṃ tadbrūhi vadatāṃ vara
  • etadi -
  • etad (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
  • cchā -
  • ccha (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ccha (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • amya -
  • amin (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single]
    amin (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    adaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [nominative plural]
  • aham -
  • aha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    asmad (pronoun, none)
    [nominative single]
  • śrotum -
  • śru -> śrotum (infinitive)
    [infinitive from √śru]
    śrotu (noun, masculine)
    [accusative single]
  • tad -
  • tad (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    tad (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    tat (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • brūhi -
  • brū (verb class 2)
    [imperative active second single]
  • vadatām -
  • vad -> vadat (participle, masculine)
    [genitive plural from √vad class 1 verb]
    vad -> vadat (participle, neuter)
    [genitive plural from √vad class 1 verb]
    vad (verb class 1)
    [imperative active third dual], [imperative middle third single]
  • vara -
  • vara (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    vara (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    vṛ (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 12.285.1

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

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Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 12.285.1 in Kannada sript:
ಜನಕ ಉವಾಚ ।
ವರ್ಣೋ ವಿಶೇಷವರ್ಣಾನಾಂ ಮಹರ್ಷೇ ಕೇನ ಜಾಯತೇ ।
ಏತದಿಚ್ಛಾಮ್ಯಹಂ ಶ್ರೋತುಂ ತದ್ಬ್ರೂಹಿ ವದತಾಂ ವರ ॥ ೧ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

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Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 12.285.1 in Bengali sript:
জনক উবাচ ।
বর্ণো বিশেষবর্ণানাং মহর্ষে কেন জাযতে ।
এতদিচ্ছাম্যহং শ্রোতুং তদ্ব্রূহি বদতাং বর ॥ ১ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

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Preview of verse 12.285.1 in Gujarati sript:
જનક ઉવાચ ।
વર્ણો વિશેષવર્ણાનાં મહર્ષે કેન જાયતે ।
એતદિચ્છામ્યહં શ્રોતું તદ્બ્રૂહિ વદતાં વર ॥ ૧ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 12.285.1 in Malayalam sript:
ജനക ഉവാച ।
വര്ണോ വിശേഷവര്ണാനാം മഹര്ഷേ കേന ജായതേ ।
ഏതദിച്ഛാമ്യഹം ശ്രോതും തദ്ബ്രൂഹി വദതാം വര ॥ ൧ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

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Preview of verse 12.285.1 in Telugu sript:
జనక ఉవాచ ।
వర్ణో విశేషవర్ణానాం మహర్షే కేన జాయతే ।
ఏతదిచ్ఛామ్యహం శ్రోతుం తద్బ్రూహి వదతాం వర ॥ ౧ ॥

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