Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 12.104.52

भीष्म उवाच ।
स तद्वचः शत्रुनिबर्हणे रतस्तथा चकारावितथं बृहस्पतेः ।
चचार काले विजयाय चारिहा वशं च शत्रूननयत्पुरंदरः ॥ ५२ ॥

bhīṣma uvāca |
sa tadvacaḥ śatrunibarhaṇe ratastathā cakārāvitathaṃ bṛhaspateḥ |
cacāra kāle vijayāya cārihā vaśaṃ ca śatrūnanayatpuraṃdaraḥ || 52 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...different or opposite courses of action suggested to him, intelligent, of a retentive memory, ready to do what is just, self-restrained, always sweet-speeched, forgiving even unto enemies, practising charity...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (12.104.52). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Bhishma, Shatrunibarhana, Rata, Tatha, Cakara, Ita, Tha, Brihaspati, Kale, Kala, Vijaya, Cari, Carin, Vasha, Shatru, Purandara,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 12.104.52). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “bhīṣma uvāca
  • bhīṣma* -
  • bhīṣma (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • uvāca -
  • vac (verb class 2)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
    vac (verb class 3)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
  • Line 2: “sa tadvacaḥ śatrunibarhaṇe ratastathā cakārāvitathaṃ bṛhaspateḥ
  • sa -
  • sa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • tadva -
  • tadvan (noun, masculine)
    [compound]
  • caḥ -
  • ca (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • śatrunibarhaṇe -
  • śatrunibarhaṇa (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    śatrunibarhaṇa (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    śatrunibarhaṇā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • ratas -
  • rata (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    ram -> rata (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √ram class 1 verb]
  • tathā -
  • tathā (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tathā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    tathā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • cakārāvi -
  • cakāra (noun, masculine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • ita -
  • ita (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ita (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    i -> ita (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √i class 2 verb]
    i -> ita (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √i class 2 verb]
    i (verb class 2)
    [imperative active second plural]
  • tham -
  • tha (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    tha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • bṛhaspateḥ -
  • bṛhaspati (noun, masculine)
    [ablative single], [genitive single]
  • Line 3: “cacāra kāle vijayāya cārihā vaśaṃ ca śatrūnanayatpuraṃdaraḥ
  • cacāra -
  • car (verb class 1)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
  • kāle -
  • kāle (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kāla (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    kāla (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    kālā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • vijayāya -
  • vijaya (noun, masculine)
    [dative single]
    vijaya (noun, neuter)
    [dative single]
  • cāri -
  • cārī (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    cārin (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    cārin (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • hā* -
  • ha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • vaśam -
  • vaśa (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    vaśa (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    vaśā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • śatrūn -
  • śatru (noun, masculine)
    [accusative plural]
  • anayat -
  • nay (verb class 1)
    [imperfect active third single]
    (verb class 1)
    [imperfect active third single]
  • purandaraḥ -
  • purandara (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 12.104.52

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 12.104.52 in Kannada sript:
ಭೀಷ್ಮ ಉವಾಚ ।
ಸ ತದ್ವಚಃ ಶತ್ರುನಿಬರ್ಹಣೇ ರತಸ್ತಥಾ ಚಕಾರಾವಿತಥಂ ಬೃಹಸ್ಪತೇಃ ।
ಚಚಾರ ಕಾಲೇ ವಿಜಯಾಯ ಚಾರಿಹಾ ವಶಂ ಚ ಶತ್ರೂನನಯತ್ಪುರಂದರಃ ॥ ೫೨ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 12.104.52 in Bengali sript:
ভীষ্ম উবাচ ।
স তদ্বচঃ শত্রুনিবর্হণে রতস্তথা চকারাবিতথং বৃহস্পতেঃ ।
চচার কালে বিজযায চারিহা বশং চ শত্রূননযত্পুরংদরঃ ॥ ৫২ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.104.52 in Gujarati sript:
ભીષ્મ ઉવાચ ।
સ તદ્વચઃ શત્રુનિબર્હણે રતસ્તથા ચકારાવિતથં બૃહસ્પતેઃ ।
ચચાર કાલે વિજયાય ચારિહા વશં ચ શત્રૂનનયત્પુરંદરઃ ॥ ૫૨ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 12.104.52 in Malayalam sript:
ഭീഷ്മ ഉവാച ।
സ തദ്വചഃ ശത്രുനിബര്ഹണേ രതസ്തഥാ ചകാരാവിതഥം ബൃഹസ്പതേഃ ।
ചചാര കാലേ വിജയായ ചാരിഹാ വശം ച ശത്രൂനനയത്പുരംദരഃ ॥ ൫൨ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.104.52 in Telugu sript:
భీష్మ ఉవాచ ।
స తద్వచః శత్రునిబర్హణే రతస్తథా చకారావితథం బృహస్పతేః ।
చచార కాలే విజయాయ చారిహా వశం చ శత్రూననయత్పురందరః ॥ ౫౨ ॥

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