Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 12.73.23

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छायायामप्सु वायौ च सुखमुष्णेऽधिगच्छति ।
अग्नौ वाससि सूर्ये च सुखं शीतेऽधिगच्छति ॥ २३ ॥

chāyāyāmapsu vāyau ca sukhamuṣṇe'dhigacchati |
agnau vāsasi sūrye ca sukhaṃ śīte'dhigacchati || 23 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...even if conversant with means, cannot long act with success. A man of wicked heart and possessed of no learning may set his hand to work but he fails to ascertain what the results will be of his work. A king...
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (12.73.23). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Chaya, Apsu, Vaya, Vayu, Sukham, Sukha, Ushna, Ushni, Adhi, Gacchat, Agni, Vasas, Surya, Shita, Shiti,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 12.73.23). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “chāyāyāmapsu vāyau ca sukhamuṣṇe'dhigacchati ”
chāyāyām -
chāyā (noun, feminine)

[locative single]
apsu -
apsu (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

apsu (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

apsu (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

ap (noun, feminine)

[locative plural]

ap (noun, neuter)

[locative plural]
vāyau -
vāya (noun, masculine)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

vāyu (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

vāyu (noun, feminine)

[locative single]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
sukham -
sukham (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

sukha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

sukha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

sukhā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
uṣṇe' -
uṣṇa (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

uṣṇa (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

uṣṇā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

uṣṇi (noun, masculine)

[vocative single]

uṣṇi (noun, feminine)

[vocative single]
adhi -
adhi (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

adhi (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

adhī (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

adhī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [vocative single]

adhī (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

adhi (Preverb)

[Preverb]
gacchati -
gacchat (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

gacchat (noun, neuter)

[locative single]

√gam (verb class 1)

[present active third single]
Line 2: “agnau vāsasi sūrye ca sukhaṃ śīte'dhigacchati ”
agnau -
agni (noun, masculine)

[locative single]
vāsasi -
vāsas (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
sūrye -
sūrya (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

sūrya (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

sūryā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√sūr -> sūrya (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √sūr class 4 verb], [locative single from √sūr class 10 verb]

√sūr -> sūrya (participle, neuter)

[nominative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [vocative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [accusative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [locative single from √sūr class 4 verb], [nominative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [vocative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [accusative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [locative single from √sūr class 10 verb]

√sūr -> sūryā (participle, feminine)

[nominative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [vocative single from √sūr class 4 verb], [vocative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [accusative dual from √sūr class 4 verb], [nominative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [vocative single from √sūr class 10 verb], [vocative dual from √sūr class 10 verb], [accusative dual from √sūr class 10 verb]

√sūr (verb class 10)

[present passive first single]

√sūr (verb class 4)

[present middle first single], [present passive first single]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
sukham -
sukham (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

sukha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

sukha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

sukhā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
śīte' -
śīta (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

śīta (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

śītā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√śi -> śīta (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √śi class 3 verb], [locative single from √śi class 5 verb]

√śi -> śīta (participle, neuter)

[nominative dual from √śi class 3 verb], [vocative dual from √śi class 3 verb], [accusative dual from √śi class 3 verb], [locative single from √śi class 3 verb], [nominative dual from √śi class 5 verb], [vocative dual from √śi class 5 verb], [accusative dual from √śi class 5 verb], [locative single from √śi class 5 verb]

√śi -> śītā (participle, feminine)

[nominative dual from √śi class 3 verb], [vocative single from √śi class 3 verb], [vocative dual from √śi class 3 verb], [accusative dual from √śi class 3 verb], [nominative dual from √śi class 5 verb], [vocative single from √śi class 5 verb], [vocative dual from √śi class 5 verb], [accusative dual from √śi class 5 verb]

√śī -> śīta (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √śī class 4 verb]

√śī -> śīta (participle, neuter)

[nominative dual from √śī class 4 verb], [vocative dual from √śī class 4 verb], [accusative dual from √śī class 4 verb], [locative single from √śī class 4 verb]

√śī -> śītā (participle, feminine)

[nominative dual from √śī class 4 verb], [vocative single from √śī class 4 verb], [vocative dual from √śī class 4 verb], [accusative dual from √śī class 4 verb]

√śyā -> śīta (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √śyā class 1 verb]

√śyā -> śīta (participle, neuter)

[nominative dual from √śyā class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √śyā class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √śyā class 1 verb], [locative single from √śyā class 1 verb]

√śyā -> śītā (participle, feminine)

[nominative dual from √śyā class 1 verb], [vocative single from √śyā class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √śyā class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √śyā class 1 verb]

śīti (noun, masculine)

[vocative single]

śīti (noun, feminine)

[vocative single]
adhi -
adhi (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

adhi (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

adhī (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

adhī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [vocative single]

adhī (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

adhi (Preverb)

[Preverb]
gacchati -
gacchat (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

gacchat (noun, neuter)

[locative single]

√gam (verb class 1)

[present active third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 12.73.23

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 12.73.23 in Kannada sript:
ಛಾಯಾಯಾಮಪ್ಸು ವಾಯೌ ಚ ಸುಖಮುಷ್ಣೇಽಧಿಗಚ್ಛತಿ ।
ಅಗ್ನೌ ವಾಸಸಿ ಸೂರ್ಯೇ ಚ ಸುಖಂ ಶೀತೇಽಧಿಗಚ್ಛತಿ ॥ ೨೩ ॥

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

Buy now!

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 12.73.23 in Bengali sript:
ছাযাযামপ্সু বাযৌ চ সুখমুষ্ণেঽধিগচ্ছতি ।
অগ্নৌ বাসসি সূর্যে চ সুখং শীতেঽধিগচ্ছতি ॥ ২৩ ॥

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.73.23 in Gujarati sript:
છાયાયામપ્સુ વાયૌ ચ સુખમુષ્ણેઽધિગચ્છતિ ।
અગ્નૌ વાસસિ સૂર્યે ચ સુખં શીતેઽધિગચ્છતિ ॥ ૨૩ ॥

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 12.73.23 in Malayalam sript:
ഛായായാമപ്സു വായൌ ച സുഖമുഷ്ണേഽധിഗച്ഛതി ।
അഗ്നൌ വാസസി സൂര്യേ ച സുഖം ശീതേഽധിഗച്ഛതി ॥ ൨൩ ॥

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.73.23 in Telugu sript:
ఛాయాయామప్సు వాయౌ చ సుఖముష్ణేఽధిగచ్ఛతి ।
అగ్నౌ వాససి సూర్యే చ సుఖం శీతేఽధిగచ్ఛతి ॥ ౨౩ ॥

Last Updated: 17 September, 2021