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Mahabharata [sanskrit]
699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944
The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).
Verse 12.69.1
युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
पार्थिवेन विशेषेण किं कार्यमवशिष्यते ।
कथं रक्ष्यो जनपदः कथं रक्ष्याश्च शत्रवः ॥ १ ॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
pārthivena viśeṣeṇa kiṃ kāryamavaśiṣyate |
kathaṃ rakṣyo janapadaḥ kathaṃ rakṣyāśca śatravaḥ || 1 ||
Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.
...time (in determining the character of human acts). The friends of humanity, by doing even acts of cruelty, have attained to high heaven. Righteous Kshatriyas, by doing even sinful acts, have attained to blessed...
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (12.69.1). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Yudhishthira, Parthiva, Vishesha, Kim, Karya, Ava, Shishyata, Katham, Katha, Rakshi, Rakshya, Janapada, Shatru,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 12.69.1). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ”
- yudhiṣṭhira* -
-
yudhiṣṭhira (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- uvāca -
-
√vac (verb class 2)[perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]√vac (verb class 3)[perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
- Line 2: “pārthivena viśeṣeṇa kiṃ kāryamavaśiṣyate ”
- pārthivena -
-
pārthiva (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]pārthiva (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- viśeṣeṇa -
-
viśeṣa (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]viśeṣa (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- kim -
-
kim (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]kim (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kim (pronoun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- kāryam -
-
kārya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]kārya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]kāryā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, masculine)[adverb from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, neuter)[adverb from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kāryā (participle, feminine)[adverb from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ], [accusative single from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 6 verb]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 6 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 6 verb]√kṝ -> kārya (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √kṝ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṝ class 9 verb]√kṝ -> kārya (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √kṝ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṝ class 5 verb], [nominative single from √kṝ class 9 verb], [accusative single from √kṝ class 9 verb]
- ava -
-
ava (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]o (noun, masculine)[compound]√av (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]√u (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]ava (Preverb)[Preverb]
- śiṣyate -
-
śiṣyatā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]√śās (verb class 2)[present passive third single]√śiṣ (verb class 1)[present passive third single]√śiṣ (verb class 7)[present passive third single]
- Line 3: “kathaṃ rakṣyo janapadaḥ kathaṃ rakṣyāśca śatravaḥ ”
- katham -
-
katham (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]katham (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kathā (noun, feminine)[adverb]katha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]katha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- rakṣyo* -
-
rakṣī (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]rakṣya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√rakṣ -> rakṣya (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √rakṣ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √rakṣ]
- janapadaḥ -
-
janapada (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- katham -
-
katham (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]katham (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kathā (noun, feminine)[adverb]katha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]katha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- rakṣyāś -
-
rakṣī (noun, feminine)[ablative single], [genitive single]rakṣya (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]rakṣyā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]√rakṣ -> rakṣya (participle, masculine)[nominative plural from √rakṣ class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √rakṣ class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √rakṣ], [vocative plural from √rakṣ]√rakṣ -> rakṣyā (participle, feminine)[nominative plural from √rakṣ class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √rakṣ class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √rakṣ class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √rakṣ], [vocative plural from √rakṣ], [accusative plural from √rakṣ]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- śatravaḥ -
-
śatru (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 12.69.1
The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)
4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: 812150094X or 9788121500944;
Buy now!
The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)
ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;
Buy now!Preview of verse 12.69.1 in Kannada sript:
ಯುಧಿಷ್ಠಿರ ಉವಾಚ ।
ಪಾರ್ಥಿವೇನ ವಿಶೇಷೇಣ ಕಿಂ ಕಾರ್ಯಮವಶಿಷ್ಯತೇ ।
ಕಥಂ ರಕ್ಷ್ಯೋ ಜನಪದಃ ಕಥಂ ರಕ್ಷ್ಯಾಶ್ಚ ಶತ್ರವಃ ॥ ೧ ॥
The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)
6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]
Buy now!
Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)
7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.
Buy now!
The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)
3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]
Buy now!Preview of verse 12.69.1 in Bengali sript:
যুধিষ্ঠির উবাচ ।
পার্থিবেন বিশেষেণ কিং কার্যমবশিষ্যতে ।
কথং রক্ষ্যো জনপদঃ কথং রক্ষ্যাশ্চ শত্রবঃ ॥ ১ ॥
Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)
14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]
Buy now!Preview of verse 12.69.1 in Gujarati sript:
યુધિષ્ઠિર ઉવાચ ।
પાર્થિવેન વિશેષેણ કિં કાર્યમવશિષ્યતે ।
કથં રક્ષ્યો જનપદઃ કથં રક્ષ્યાશ્ચ શત્રવઃ ॥ ૧ ॥
Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)
1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]
Buy now!Preview of verse 12.69.1 in Malayalam sript:
യുധിഷ്ഠിര ഉവാച ।
പാര്ഥിവേന വിശേഷേണ കിം കാര്യമവശിഷ്യതേ ।
കഥം രക്ഷ്യോ ജനപദഃ കഥം രക്ഷ്യാശ്ച ശത്രവഃ ॥ ൧ ॥
Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)
7248pages
Buy now!Preview of verse 12.69.1 in Telugu sript:
యుధిష్ఠిర ఉవాచ ।
పార్థివేన విశేషేణ కిం కార్యమవశిష్యతే ।
కథం రక్ష్యో జనపదః కథం రక్ష్యాశ్చ శత్రవః ॥ ౧ ॥