Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 12.59.1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततः काल्यं समुत्थाय कृतपौर्वाह्णिकक्रियाः ।
ययुस्ते नगराकारै रथैः पाण्डवयादवाः ॥ १ ॥

vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca |
tataḥ kālyaṃ samutthāya kṛtapaurvāhṇikakriyāḥ |
yayuste nagarākārai rathaiḥ pāṇḍavayādavāḥ || 1 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...latter, on this account, are regarded as the foremost. Casting away life in battle, compassion for all creatures, knowledge of the affairs of the world, protection of men, rescuing them from danger, relieving...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (12.59.1). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Vaishampayana, Tatah, Tad, Tata, Kalyam, Kalya, Samuttha, Krita, Paurvahnika, Kriya, Yayu, Yushmad, Nagara, Ratha, Pandava, Yadava,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 12.59.1). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca
  • vaiśampāyana* -
  • vaiśampāyana (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • uvāca -
  • vac (verb class 2)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
    vac (verb class 3)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
  • Line 2: “tataḥ kālyaṃ samutthāya kṛtapaurvāhṇikakriyāḥ
  • tataḥ -
  • tataḥ (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    tataḥ (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tataḥ (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
    tata (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    tan -> tata (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √tan class 8 verb]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
  • kālyam -
  • kālyam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kālya (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    kālya (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    kālyā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    kal -> kālya (participle, masculine)
    [adverb from √kal]
    kal -> kālya (participle, neuter)
    [adverb from √kal]
    kal -> kālyā (participle, feminine)
    [adverb from √kal]
    kal -> kālya (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √kal class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kal]
    kal -> kālya (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √kal class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kal class 1 verb], [nominative single from √kal], [accusative single from √kal]
  • samutthāya -
  • samuttha (noun, masculine)
    [dative single]
    samuttha (noun, neuter)
    [dative single]
  • kṛta -
  • kṛta (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    kṛta (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    kṛ -> kṛta (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]
    kṛ -> kṛta (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]
    kṛ (verb class 1)
    [injunctive middle third single]
    kṛ (verb class 2)
    [imperative active second plural], [injunctive middle third single]
    kṛ (verb class 5)
    [injunctive middle third single]
    kṛ (verb class 8)
    [injunctive middle third single]
  • paurvāhṇika -
  • paurvāhṇika (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    paurvāhṇika (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • kriyāḥ -
  • kriya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    kriyā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    kṛ (verb class 1)
    [benedictive active second single]
    kṛ (verb class 2)
    [benedictive active second single]
    kṛ (verb class 5)
    [benedictive active second single]
    kṛ (verb class 8)
    [benedictive active second single]
  • Line 3: “yayuste nagarākārai rathaiḥ pāṇḍavayādavāḥ
  • yayus -
  • yayu (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    yayu (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    (verb class 2)
    [perfect active third plural]
  • te -
  • ta (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    ta (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [accusative dual]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [accusative dual]
    yuṣmad (pronoun, none)
    [dative single], [genitive single]
  • nagarā -
  • nagara (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    nagara (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • akārai -
  • rathaiḥ -
  • ratha (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental plural]
  • pāṇḍava -
  • pāṇḍava (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    pāṇḍava (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • yādavāḥ -
  • yādava (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 12.59.1

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 12.59.1 in Kannada sript:
ವೈಶಂಪಾಯನ ಉವಾಚ ।
ತತಃ ಕಾಲ್ಯಂ ಸಮುತ್ಥಾಯ ಕೃತಪೌರ್ವಾಹ್ಣಿಕಕ್ರಿಯಾಃ ।
ಯಯುಸ್ತೇ ನಗರಾಕಾರೈ ರಥೈಃ ಪಾಣ್ಡವಯಾದವಾಃ ॥ ೧ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

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Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 12.59.1 in Bengali sript:
বৈশংপাযন উবাচ ।
ততঃ কাল্যং সমুত্থায কৃতপৌর্বাহ্ণিকক্রিযাঃ ।
যযুস্তে নগরাকারৈ রথৈঃ পাণ্ডবযাদবাঃ ॥ ১ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

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Preview of verse 12.59.1 in Gujarati sript:
વૈશંપાયન ઉવાચ ।
તતઃ કાલ્યં સમુત્થાય કૃતપૌર્વાહ્ણિકક્રિયાઃ ।
યયુસ્તે નગરાકારૈ રથૈઃ પાણ્ડવયાદવાઃ ॥ ૧ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 12.59.1 in Malayalam sript:
വൈശംപായന ഉവാച ।
തതഃ കാല്യം സമുത്ഥായ കൃതപൌര്വാഹ്ണികക്രിയാഃ ।
യയുസ്തേ നഗരാകാരൈ രഥൈഃ പാണ്ഡവയാദവാഃ ॥ ൧ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.59.1 in Telugu sript:
వైశంపాయన ఉవాచ ।
తతః కాల్యం సముత్థాయ కృతపౌర్వాహ్ణికక్రియాః ।
యయుస్తే నగరాకారై రథైః పాణ్డవయాదవాః ॥ ౧ ॥

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