Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 8.54.12

एतद्दुःखं सारथे धर्मराजो यन्मां हित्वा यातवाञ्शत्रुमध्ये ।
नैनं जीवन्नापि जानाम्यजीवन्बीभत्सुं वा तन्ममाद्यातिदुःखम् ॥ १२ ॥

etadduḥkhaṃ sārathe dharmarājo yanmāṃ hitvā yātavāñśatrumadhye |
nainaṃ jīvannāpi jānāmyajīvanbībhatsuṃ vā tanmamādyātiduḥkham || 12 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...elephant division, the mighty Bhimasena, once more riding on his car, followed Arjuna at his rear. That great host, thus slaughtered, filled with cheerlessness and about to fly away, stood almost inactive, O monarch...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (8.54.12). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Etad, Duhkham, Duhkha, Sarathi, Dharmaraj, Dharmaraja, Yat, Yad, Asmad, Hitva, Hitvan, Yatavat, Shatru, Adhi, Nri, Aina, Jivat, Jivan, Api, Ajivat, Bibhatsu, Adi, Adya, Atiduhkha,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 8.54.12). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “etadduḥkhaṃ sārathe dharmarājo yanmāṃ hitvā yātavāñśatrumadhye
  • etad -
  • etad (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    etad (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
    etad (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • duḥkham -
  • duḥkham (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    duḥkha (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    duḥkha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    duḥkhā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • sārathe -
  • sārathi (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
  • dharmarājo* -
  • dharmarāj (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
    dharmarāja (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • yan -
  • yat (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    yat (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    yad (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
    yat (noun, neuter)
    [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    i -> yat (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √i class 2 verb], [vocative single from √i class 2 verb]
    i -> yat (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √i class 2 verb], [vocative single from √i class 2 verb], [accusative single from √i class 2 verb]
    yat (pronoun, neuter)
    [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • mām -
  • (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
    asmad (pronoun, none)
    [accusative single]
  • hitvā -
  • hitvā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    dhā -> hitvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √dhā]
    dhā -> hitvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √dhā]
    dhā -> hitvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √dhā]
    dhā -> hitvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √dhā]
    hi -> hitvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √hi]
    hitvan (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • yātavāñś -
  • -> yātavat (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √ class 2 verb]
  • śatrum -
  • śatru (noun, masculine)
    [accusative single]
  • adhye -
  • adhī (noun, masculine)
    [dative single]
  • Line 2: “nainaṃ jīvannāpi jānāmyajīvanbībhatsuṃ tanmamādyātiduḥkham
  • nai -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    nṛ (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • ainam -
  • aina (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
  • jīvann -
  • jīvat (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single], [vocative single]
    jīv -> jīvat (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √jīv class 1 verb], [vocative single from √jīv class 1 verb]
    jīvan (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
  • āpi -
  • āpi (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    āpi (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    āpi (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    āpī (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    āpī (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    āpī (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    āpi (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
  • jānāmya -
  • jñā (verb class 9)
    [present active first single]
  • ajīvan -
  • ajīvat (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    jīv (verb class 1)
    [imperfect active third plural]
  • bībhatsum -
  • bībhatsu (noun, masculine)
    [accusative single]
    bībhatsu (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
  • -
  • (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • tanmam -
  • tanman (noun, neuter)
    [adverb]
  • ādyā -
  • ādya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ādya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ad -> ādya (participle, masculine)
    [compound from √ad]
    ad -> ādya (participle, neuter)
    [compound from √ad]
    ad -> ādya (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √ad]
    ādi (noun, feminine)
    [instrumental single]
    ādyā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    ad -> ādya (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √ad]
    ad -> ādya (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √ad]
    ad -> ādyā (participle, feminine)
    [nominative single from √ad]
  • atiduḥkham -
  • atiduḥkha (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    atiduḥkha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 8.54.12

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

Buy now!

Preview of verse 8.54.12 in Kannada sript:
ಏತದ್ದುಃಖಂ ಸಾರಥೇ ಧರ್ಮರಾಜೋ ಯನ್ಮಾಂ ಹಿತ್ವಾ ಯಾತವಾಞ್ಶತ್ರುಮಧ್ಯೇ ।
ನೈನಂ ಜೀವನ್ನಾಪಿ ಜಾನಾಮ್ಯಜೀವನ್ಬೀಭತ್ಸುಂ ವಾ ತನ್ಮಮಾದ್ಯಾತಿದುಃಖಮ್ ॥ ೧೨ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

Buy now!
Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 8.54.12 in Bengali sript:
এতদ্দুঃখং সারথে ধর্মরাজো যন্মাং হিত্বা যাতবাঞ্শত্রুমধ্যে ।
নৈনং জীবন্নাপি জানাম্যজীবন্বীভত্সুং বা তন্মমাদ্যাতিদুঃখম্ ॥ ১২ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

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Preview of verse 8.54.12 in Gujarati sript:
એતદ્દુઃખં સારથે ધર્મરાજો યન્માં હિત્વા યાતવાઞ્શત્રુમધ્યે ।
નૈનં જીવન્નાપિ જાનામ્યજીવન્બીભત્સું વા તન્મમાદ્યાતિદુઃખમ્ ॥ ૧૨ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 8.54.12 in Malayalam sript:
ഏതദ്ദുഃഖം സാരഥേ ധര്മരാജോ യന്മാം ഹിത്വാ യാതവാഞ്ശത്രുമധ്യേ ।
നൈനം ജീവന്നാപി ജാനാമ്യജീവന്ബീഭത്സും വാ തന്മമാദ്യാതിദുഃഖമ് ॥ ൧൨ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 8.54.12 in Telugu sript:
ఏతద్దుఃఖం సారథే ధర్మరాజో యన్మాం హిత్వా యాతవాఞ్శత్రుమధ్యే ।
నైనం జీవన్నాపి జానామ్యజీవన్బీభత్సుం వా తన్మమాద్యాతిదుఃఖమ్ ॥ ౧౨ ॥

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