Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 4.125

आवयोर् योध-मुख्याभ्यां मद्-अर्थः साध्यताम् इति ।
यस्मिन् पणः प्रक्रियते स सन्धिः पुरुषान्तरः ॥ १२५ ॥

āvayor yodha-mukhyābhyāṃ mad-arthaḥ sādhyatām iti |
yasmin paṇaḥ prakriyate sa sandhiḥ puruṣāntaraḥ || 125 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 4.125 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (4.125). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Asmad, Yodha, Mukhya, Artha, Sadhyata, Sadhyat, Iti, Yah, Yat, Pana, Prakri, Yata, Yati, Sandhi, Purushantara,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 4.125). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “āvayor yodha-mukhyābhyāṃ mad-arthaḥ sādhyatām iti
  • āvayor -
  • asmad (pronoun, none)
    [genitive dual], [locative dual]
  • yodha -
  • yodha (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • mukhyābhyām -
  • mukhya (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental dual], [dative dual], [ablative dual]
    mukhya (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental dual], [dative dual], [ablative dual]
    mukhyā (noun, feminine)
    [instrumental dual], [dative dual], [ablative dual]
  • mad -
  • asmad (pronoun, none)
    [ablative single]
  • arthaḥ -
  • artha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • sādhyatām -
  • sādhyatā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
    sādh -> sādhyat (participle, masculine)
    [genitive plural from √sādh class 4 verb]
    sādh -> sādhyat (participle, neuter)
    [genitive plural from √sādh class 4 verb]
    sādh (verb class 1)
    [imperative passive third single]
    sādh (verb class 4)
    [imperative active third dual], [imperative middle third single], [imperative passive third single]
    sādh (verb class 5)
    [imperative passive third single]
    sidh (verb class 0)
    [imperative passive third single]
  • iti -
  • iti (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    iti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
  • Line 2: “yasmin paṇaḥ prakriyate sa sandhiḥ puruṣāntaraḥ
  • yasmin -
  • ya (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    yat (pronoun, neuter)
    [locative single]
  • paṇaḥ -
  • paṇa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • prakri -
  • prakrī (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    prakrī (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    prakrī (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
  • yate -
  • yat (noun, masculine)
    [dative single]
    yat (noun, neuter)
    [dative single]
    yatā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    yati (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    yata (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    yata (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    yati (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
    i -> yat (participle, masculine)
    [dative single from √i class 2 verb]
    i -> yat (participle, neuter)
    [dative single from √i class 2 verb]
    yam -> yata (participle, masculine)
    [locative single from √yam class 1 verb]
    yam -> yata (participle, neuter)
    [nominative dual from √yam class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √yam class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √yam class 1 verb], [locative single from √yam class 1 verb]
    yam -> yatā (participle, feminine)
    [nominative dual from √yam class 1 verb], [vocative single from √yam class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √yam class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √yam class 1 verb]
    yat (verb class 1)
    [present middle first single]
  • sa -
  • sa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • sandhiḥ -
  • sandhi (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    sandhi (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • puruṣāntaraḥ -
  • puruṣāntara (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 4.125

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 4.125 in Gujarati sript:
આવયોર્ યોધ-મુખ્યાભ્યાં મદ્-અર્થઃ સાધ્યતામ્ ઇતિ ।
યસ્મિન્ પણઃ પ્રક્રિયતે સ સન્ધિઃ પુરુષાન્તરઃ ॥ ૧૨૫ ॥

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