Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 4.109

सरसि बहुशस् ताराच्छायेक्षणात् परिवञ्चितः कुमुद-विटपान्वेषी हंसो निशास्वविचक्षणः ।
न दशति पुनस् ताराशङ्की दिवापि सितोत्पलं कुहुक-चकितो लोकः सत्येऽप्य् अपायम् अपेक्षते ॥ १०९ ॥

sarasi bahuśas tārācchāyekṣaṇāt parivañcitaḥ kumuda-viṭapānveṣī haṃso niśāsvavicakṣaṇaḥ |
na daśati punas tārāśaṅkī divāpi sitotpalaṃ kuhuka-cakito lokaḥ satye'py apāyam apekṣate || 109 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 4.109 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (4.109). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Saras, Sarasi, Bahushah, Bahusha, Taracchaya, Ikshana, Parivancita, Kumuda, Vitapa, Veshin, Hamsa, Nisha, Avicakshana, Dashat, Puna, Tara, Ashankin, Diva, Div, Divan, Api, Sitotpala, Kuhu, Cakita, Loka, Apaya, Apa,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 4.109). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “sarasi bahuśas tārācchāyekṣaṇāt parivañcitaḥ kumuda-viṭapānveṣī haṃso niśāsvavicakṣaṇaḥ
  • sarasi -
  • sarasī (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    saras (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    sṛ (verb class 1)
    [present active second single]
  • bahuśas -
  • bahuśaḥ (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    bahuśa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • tārācchāye -
  • tārācchāya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single], [locative single]
    tārācchāya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    tārācchāyā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • īkṣaṇāt -
  • īkṣaṇāt (adverb)
    [adverb]
    īkṣaṇa (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
    īkṣaṇa (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
  • parivañcitaḥ -
  • parivañcita (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • kumuda -
  • kumuda (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    kumuda (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • viṭapān -
  • viṭapa (noun, masculine)
    [accusative plural]
  • veṣī -
  • veṣin (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • haṃso* -
  • haṃsa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • niśāsva -
  • niśā (noun, feminine)
    [locative plural]
  • avicakṣaṇaḥ -
  • avicakṣaṇa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • Line 2: “na daśati punas tārāśaṅkī divāpi sitotpalaṃ kuhuka-cakito lokaḥ satye'py apāyam apekṣate
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • daśati -
  • daśati (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    daśat (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
    daśat (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    daśat (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    daṃś (verb class 1)
    [present active third single]
  • punas -
  • pu (noun, neuter)
    [ablative single], [genitive single]
    puna (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    (noun, neuter)
    [ablative single], [genitive single]
  • tārā -
  • tāra (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    tāra (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    tārā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • āśaṅkī -
  • āśaṅkin (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • divā -
  • divā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    diva (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    divan (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [nominative single]
    div (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    divā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • api -
  • api (indeclinable preposition)
    [indeclinable preposition]
    ap (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
  • sitotpalam -
  • sitotpala (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • kuhu -
  • kuhu (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    kuhu (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    kuhū (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
  • ka -
  • ka (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • cakito* -
  • cakita (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • lokaḥ -
  • loka (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • Cannot analyse satye'py*ap
  • apāyam -
  • apāya (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    pāy (verb class 1)
    [imperfect active first single]
    pai (verb class 1)
    [imperfect active first single]
  • ape -
  • apa (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    ap (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single], [dative single]
    apa (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
    apā (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
  • īkṣate -
  • īkṣ (verb class 1)
    [present middle third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 4.109

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 4.109 in Gujarati sript:
સરસિ બહુશસ્ તારાચ્છાયેક્ષણાત્ પરિવઞ્ચિતઃ કુમુદ-વિટપાન્વેષી હંસો નિશાસ્વવિચક્ષણઃ ।
ન દશતિ પુનસ્ તારાશઙ્કી દિવાપિ સિતોત્પલં કુહુક-ચકિતો લોકઃ સત્યેઽપ્ય્ અપાયમ્ અપેક્ષતે ॥ ૧૦૯ ॥

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