Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 4.82

व्रजन्ति न निवर्तन्ते स्रोतांसि सरितां यथा ।
आयुर् आदाय मर्त्यानां तथा रात्र्य्-अहनी सदा ॥ ८२ ॥

vrajanti na nivartante srotāṃsi saritāṃ yathā |
āyur ādāya martyānāṃ tathā rātry-ahanī sadā || 82 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 4.82 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (4.82). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Vrajat, Vrajanti, Srotas, Sarit, Sarita, Yatha, Ayu, Ayus, Ada, Adaya, Martya, Ahan, Sada, Sad,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 4.82). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “vrajanti na nivartante srotāṃsi saritāṃ yathā
  • vrajanti -
  • vraj -> vrajat (participle, neuter)
    [nominative plural from √vraj class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √vraj class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √vraj class 1 verb]
    vraj -> vrajantī (participle, feminine)
    [vocative single from √vraj class 1 verb]
    vraj (verb class 1)
    [present active third plural]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • ni -
  • ni (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    ni (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    ni (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    (noun, masculine)
    [adverb]
    (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    ni (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
  • vartante -
  • vṛt (verb class 1)
    [present middle third plural]
  • srotāṃsi -
  • srotas (noun, neuter)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • saritām -
  • sarit (noun, feminine)
    [genitive plural]
    saritā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
  • yathā -
  • yathā (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    yathā (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    yathā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • Line 2: “āyur ādāya martyānāṃ tathā rātry-ahanī sadā
  • āyur -
  • āyus (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
    āyus (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    āyu (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    āyu (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • ādāya -
  • ādāya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ādāya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    āda (noun, masculine)
    [dative single]
    āda (noun, neuter)
    [dative single]
  • martyānām -
  • martya (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    martya (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
    martyā (noun, feminine)
    [genitive plural]
  • tathā* -
  • Cannot analyse rātry*ah
  • ahanī -
  • ahan (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • sadā -
  • sadā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    sad (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    sad (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
    sadā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 4.82

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 4.82 in Gujarati sript:
વ્રજન્તિ ન નિવર્તન્તે સ્રોતાંસિ સરિતાં યથા ।
આયુર્ આદાય મર્ત્યાનાં તથા રાત્ર્ય્-અહની સદા ॥ ૮૨ ॥

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