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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 4.60
त्यजेत् क्षुधार्ता महिला स्वपुत्रं खादेत् क्षुधार्ता भुजगी स्वमण्डम् ।
बुभुक्षितः किं न करोति पापं क्षीणा नरा निष्करुणा भवन्ति ॥ ६० ॥
tyajet kṣudhārtā mahilā svaputraṃ khādet kṣudhārtā bhujagī svamaṇḍam |
bubhukṣitaḥ kiṃ na karoti pāpaṃ kṣīṇā narā niṣkaruṇā bhavanti || 60 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 4.60 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (4.60). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Kshudharta, Mahila, Svaputra, Bhujagi, Svamat, Bubhukshita, Kim, Karoti, Papam, Papa, Kshina, Nara, Nishkaruna, Bhavanti, Bhavat, Bhavant,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 4.60). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “tyajet kṣudhārtā mahilā svaputraṃ khādet kṣudhārtā bhujagī svamaṇḍam ”
- tyajet -
-
√tyaj (verb class 1)[optative active third single]
- kṣudhārtā* -
-
kṣudhārta (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]kṣudhārtā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- mahilā -
-
mahilā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- svaputram -
-
svaputra (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]svaputra (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- khādet -
-
√khād (verb class 1)[optative active third single]
- kṣudhārtā* -
-
kṣudhārta (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]kṣudhārtā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- bhujagī -
-
bhujagī (noun, feminine)[compound], [nominative single]
- svamaṇ -
-
svamat (noun, masculine)[vocative single]
- ḍam -
-
ḍa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]ḍā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- Line 2: “bubhukṣitaḥ kiṃ na karoti pāpaṃ kṣīṇā narā niṣkaruṇā bhavanti ”
- bubhukṣitaḥ -
-
bubhukṣita (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√bhuj -> bubhukṣita (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √bhuj]
- kim -
-
kim (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]kim (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kim (pronoun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- karoti -
-
karoti (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]karoti (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]karoti (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]√kṛ (verb class 8)[present active third single]
- pāpam -
-
pāpam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]pāpa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]pāpa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]pāpā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- kṣīṇā* -
-
kṣīṇa (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]kṣīṇā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]√kṣī -> kṣīṇa (participle, masculine)[nominative plural from √kṣī class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √kṣī class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √kṣī class 5 verb], [vocative plural from √kṣī class 5 verb], [nominative plural from √kṣī class 9 verb], [vocative plural from √kṣī class 9 verb]√kṣī -> kṣīṇā (participle, feminine)[nominative plural from √kṣī class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √kṣī class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √kṣī class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √kṣī class 5 verb], [vocative plural from √kṣī class 5 verb], [accusative plural from √kṣī class 5 verb], [nominative plural from √kṣī class 9 verb], [vocative plural from √kṣī class 9 verb], [accusative plural from √kṣī class 9 verb]
- narā* -
-
nara (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]narā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- niṣkaruṇā* -
-
niṣkaruṇa (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]niṣkaruṇā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- bhavanti -
-
bhavanti (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]bhavantī (noun, feminine)[adverb], [vocative single]bhavat (noun, neuter)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]bhavant (pronoun, neuter)[nominative plural], [accusative plural]√bhū (verb class 1)[present active third plural]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 4.60
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 4.60 in Gujarati sript:
ત્યજેત્ ક્ષુધાર્તા મહિલા સ્વપુત્રં ખાદેત્ ક્ષુધાર્તા ભુજગી સ્વમણ્ડમ્ ।
બુભુક્ષિતઃ કિં ન કરોતિ પાપં ક્ષીણા નરા નિષ્કરુણા ભવન્તિ ॥ ૬૦ ॥