Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 3.131

सत्यं शौर्यं दया त्यागो नृपस्यैते महा-गुणाः ।
एतैस् त्यक्तो महीपालः प्राप्नोति खलु वाच्यताम् ॥ १३१ ॥

satyaṃ śauryaṃ dayā tyāgo nṛpasyaite mahā-guṇāḥ |
etais tyakto mahīpālaḥ prāpnoti khalu vācyatām || 131 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 3.131 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (3.131). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Satyam, Satya, Shaurya, Daya, Tyaga, Nripa, Maha, Guna, Eta, Etad, Esha, Tyaktri, Tyakta, Mahipala, Pra, Khalu, Vacyata,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 3.131). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “satyaṃ śauryaṃ dayā tyāgo nṛpasyaite mahā-guṇāḥ
  • satyam -
  • satyam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    satya (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    satya (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    satyā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • śauryam -
  • śaurya (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • dayā -
  • dayā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [instrumental single]
  • tyāgo* -
  • tyāga (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • nṛpasyai -
  • nṛpa (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
  • aite -
  • mahā* -
  • maha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    mahā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • guṇāḥ -
  • guṇa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    guṇā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • Line 2: “etais tyakto mahīpālaḥ prāpnoti khalu vācyatām
  • etais -
  • eta (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental plural]
    eta (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental plural]
    etad (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental plural]
    eṣa (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental plural]
  • tyakto* -
  • tyaktṛ (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    tyakta (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    tyaj -> tyakta (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √tyaj class 1 verb]
  • mahīpālaḥ -
  • mahīpāla (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • prā -
  • pra (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    pra (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    prā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    pra (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
    prā (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
  • āpnoti -
  • āp (verb class 5)
    [present active third single]
  • khalu -
  • khalu (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    khalu (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    khalu (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    khalu (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • vācyatām -
  • vācyatā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
    vac (verb class 0)
    [imperative passive third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 3.131

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 3.131 in Gujarati sript:
સત્યં શૌર્યં દયા ત્યાગો નૃપસ્યૈતે મહા-ગુણાઃ ।
એતૈસ્ ત્યક્તો મહીપાલઃ પ્રાપ્નોતિ ખલુ વાચ્યતામ્ ॥ ૧૩૧ ॥

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