Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 3.124

आरम्भन्तेऽल्पम् एवाज्ञाः कामं व्यग्रा भवन्ति च ।
महारम्भाः कृत-धियस् तिष्ठन्ति च निराकुलाः ॥ १२४ ॥

ārambhante'lpam evājñāḥ kāmaṃ vyagrā bhavanti ca |
mahārambhāḥ kṛta-dhiyas tiṣṭhanti ca nirākulāḥ || 124 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 3.124 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (3.124). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Tad, Yushmad, Alpam, Alpa, Eva, Ajna, Kamam, Kama, Vyagra, Bhavanti, Bhavat, Bhavant, Maharambha, Krita, Dhi, Tishthat, Tishthanti, Nirakula,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 3.124). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “ārambhante'lpam evājñāḥ kāmaṃ vyagrā bhavanti ca
  • ārambhan -
  • ārambhā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • te' -
  • ta (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    ta (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [accusative dual]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [accusative dual]
    yuṣmad (pronoun, none)
    [dative single], [genitive single]
  • alpam -
  • alpam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    alpa (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    alpa (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    alpā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • evā -
  • eva (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    eva (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    eva (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    evā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • ajñāḥ -
  • ajña (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    ajñā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    jñā (verb class 3)
    [aorist active second single]
    jñā (verb class 9)
    [aorist active second single]
  • kāmam -
  • kāmam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kāma (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    kāma (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    kāmā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • vyagrā* -
  • vyagra (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    vyagrā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • bhavanti -
  • bhavanti (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    bhavantī (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    bhavat (noun, neuter)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    bhavant (pronoun, neuter)
    [nominative plural], [accusative plural]
    bhū (verb class 1)
    [present active third plural]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • Line 2: “mahārambhāḥ kṛta-dhiyas tiṣṭhanti ca nirākulāḥ
  • mahārambhāḥ -
  • mahārambha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    mahārambhā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • kṛta -
  • kṛta (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    kṛta (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    kṛ -> kṛta (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]
    kṛ -> kṛta (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]
    kṛ (verb class 1)
    [injunctive middle third single]
    kṛ (verb class 2)
    [imperative active second plural], [injunctive middle third single]
    kṛ (verb class 5)
    [injunctive middle third single]
    kṛ (verb class 8)
    [injunctive middle third single]
  • dhiyas -
  • dhī (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
  • tiṣṭhanti -
  • tiṣṭhantī (noun, masculine)
    [adverb]
    tiṣṭhantī (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [vocative single]
    tiṣṭhantī (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    sthā -> tiṣṭhat (participle, neuter)
    [nominative plural from √sthā class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √sthā class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √sthā class 1 verb]
    sthā -> tiṣṭhantī (participle, feminine)
    [vocative single from √sthā class 1 verb]
    sthā (verb class 1)
    [present active third plural]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • nirākulāḥ -
  • nirākula (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    nirākulā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 3.124

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 3.124 in Gujarati sript:
આરમ્ભન્તેઽલ્પમ્ એવાજ્ઞાઃ કામં વ્યગ્રા ભવન્તિ ચ ।
મહારમ્ભાઃ કૃત-ધિયસ્ તિષ્ઠન્તિ ચ નિરાકુલાઃ ॥ ૧૨૪ ॥

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