Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 3.42

साम्ना दानेन भेदेन समस्तैर् अथवा पृथक् ।
साधितुं प्रयतेतारीन् न युद्धेन कदाचन ॥ ४२ ॥

sāmnā dānena bhedena samastair athavā pṛthak |
sādhituṃ prayatetārīn na yuddhena kadācana || 42 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 3.42 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (3.42). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Samna, Dana, Bheda, Bhedena, Samasta, Athava, Prithak, Prayata, Prayati, Prayat, Yuddha, Kada, Cana,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 3.42). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “sāmnā dānena bhedena samastair athavā pṛthak
  • sāmnā* -
  • sāmna (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • dānena -
  • dāna (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    dāna (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
  • bhedena -
  • bhedena (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    bhedena (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    bheda (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
  • samastair -
  • samasta (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental plural]
    samasta (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental plural]
  • athavā -
  • athavā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • pṛthak -
  • pṛthak (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • Line 2: “sādhituṃ prayatetārīn na yuddhena kadācana
  • sādhitum -
  • sādh -> sādhitum (infinitive)
    [infinitive from √sādh]
    sādh -> sādhitum (infinitive)
    [infinitive from √sādh]
    sādh -> sādhitum (infinitive)
    [infinitive from √sādh]
  • prayate -
  • prayata (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    prayata (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    prayatā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    prayati (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
    pre -> prayat (participle, masculine)
    [dative single from √pre class 2 verb]
    pre -> prayat (participle, neuter)
    [dative single from √pre class 2 verb]
    pre (verb class 2)
    [present middle third plural]
  • tārīn -
  • tṝ (verb class 1)
    [injunctive active third single]
    tṝ (verb class 3)
    [injunctive active third single]
    tṝ (verb class 5)
    [injunctive active third single]
    tṝ (verb class 6)
    [injunctive active third single]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • yuddhena -
  • yuddha (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    yuddha (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
    yudh -> yuddha (participle, masculine)
    [instrumental single from √yudh class 1 verb], [instrumental single from √yudh class 4 verb]
    yudh -> yuddha (participle, neuter)
    [instrumental single from √yudh class 1 verb], [instrumental single from √yudh class 4 verb]
  • kadā -
  • kadā (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    kadā (indeclinable interrogative)
    [indeclinable interrogative]
    kadā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kadā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • cana -
  • cana (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    cana (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    cana (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    can (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 3.42

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 3.42 in Gujarati sript:
સામ્ના દાનેન ભેદેન સમસ્તૈર્ અથવા પૃથક્ ।
સાધિતું પ્રયતેતારીન્ ન યુદ્ધેન કદાચન ॥ ૪૨ ॥

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