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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 3.23
न स्थातव्यं न गन्तव्यं दुर्जनेन समं क्वचित् ।
काक-सङ्गाद् धतो हंसस् तिष्ठन् गछंश् च वर्तकः ॥ २३ ॥
na sthātavyaṃ na gantavyaṃ durjanena samaṃ kvacit |
kāka-saṅgād dhato haṃsas tiṣṭhan gachaṃś ca vartakaḥ || 23 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 3.23 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (3.23). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Sthatavya, Gantavya, Durjana, Samam, Sama, Kva, Acit, Kaka, Sanga, Dha, Tas, Hamsa, Tishthat, Vartaka,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 3.23). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “na sthātavyaṃ na gantavyaṃ durjanena samaṃ kvacit ”
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- sthātavyam -
-
sthātavya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sthātavya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]sthātavyā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√sthā -> sthātavya (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √sthā class 1 verb]√sthā -> sthātavya (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √sthā class 1 verb], [accusative single from √sthā class 1 verb]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- gantavyam -
-
gantavya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]gantavya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]gantavyā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- durjanena -
-
durjana (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]
- samam -
-
samam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]sama (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sama (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]samā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- kva -
-
ku (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]kva (indeclinable)[indeclinable]ku (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]kū (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [vocative single]
- acit -
-
acit (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]acit (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]acit (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- Line 2: “kāka-saṅgād dhato haṃsas tiṣṭhan gachaṃś ca vartakaḥ ”
- kāka -
-
kāka (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]kāka (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- saṅgād -
-
saṅga (noun, masculine)[adverb], [ablative single]
- dha -
-
dha (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]dha (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- to* -
-
tas (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]tas (noun, neuter)[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]ta (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- haṃsas -
-
haṃsa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- tiṣṭhan -
-
√sthā -> tiṣṭhat (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √sthā class 1 verb], [vocative single from √sthā class 1 verb]
- Cannot analyse gachaṃś*ca
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- vartakaḥ -
-
vartaka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 3.23
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 3.23 in Gujarati sript:
ન સ્થાતવ્યં ન ગન્તવ્યં દુર્જનેન સમં ક્વચિત્ ।
કાક-સઙ્ગાદ્ ધતો હંસસ્ તિષ્ઠન્ ગછંશ્ ચ વર્તકઃ ॥ ૨૩ ॥