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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 2.151
अनुचित-कार्यारम्भः स्वजन-विरोधो बलीयसा स्पर्धा ।
प्रमदा-जन-विश्वासो मृत्योर् द्वाराणि चत्वारि ॥ १५१ ॥
anucita-kāryārambhaḥ svajana-virodho balīyasā spardhā |
pramadā-jana-viśvāso mṛtyor dvārāṇi catvāri || 151 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.151 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.151). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Anucita, Kari, Karin, Karya, Arambha, Svajana, Virodha, Baliyas, Baliyasa, Spardha, Pramada, Jana, Vishvasa, Mriti, Mrityu, Dvara, Catu, Ari, Arin,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.151). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “anucita-kāryārambhaḥ svajana-virodho balīyasā spardhā ”
- anucita -
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anucita (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]anucita (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- kāryā -
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kāri (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [instrumental single]kāri (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]kāri (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]kārī (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [instrumental single]kārin (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single]kārin (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]kārya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]kārya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, masculine)[compound from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, neuter)[compound from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kārya (absolutive)[absolutive from √kṛ]kāryā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, masculine)[vocative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, neuter)[vocative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kāryā (participle, feminine)[nominative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, masculine)[vocative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 6 verb]√kṛ -> kārya (participle, neuter)[vocative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 6 verb]√kṛ -> kāryā (participle, feminine)[nominative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 6 verb]√kṝ -> kārya (participle, masculine)[vocative single from √kṝ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṝ class 9 verb]√kṝ -> kārya (participle, neuter)[vocative single from √kṝ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṝ class 9 verb]√kṝ -> kāryā (participle, feminine)[nominative single from √kṝ class 5 verb], [nominative single from √kṝ class 9 verb]
- ārambhaḥ -
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ārambha (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- svajana -
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svajana (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]
- virodho* -
-
virodha (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- balīyasā -
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balīyas (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]balīyas (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]balīyasā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- spardhā -
-
spardhā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- Line 2: “pramadā-jana-viśvāso mṛtyor dvārāṇi catvāri ”
- pramadā* -
-
pramada (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]pramadā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- jana -
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jana (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]jana (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]√jan (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]
- viśvāso* -
-
viśvāsa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- mṛtyor -
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mṛti (noun, feminine)[genitive dual], [locative dual]mṛtyu (noun, masculine)[ablative single], [genitive single]
- dvārāṇi -
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dvāra (noun, neuter)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- catvā -
-
catu (noun, feminine)[instrumental single]
- ari -
-
ari (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]ari (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]ari (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]arin (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]ṛ (noun, feminine)[locative single]ṛ (noun, masculine)[locative single]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.151
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 2.151 in Gujarati sript:
અનુચિત-કાર્યારમ્ભઃ સ્વજન-વિરોધો બલીયસા સ્પર્ધા ।
પ્રમદા-જન-વિશ્વાસો મૃત્યોર્ દ્વારાણિ ચત્વારિ ॥ ૧૫૧ ॥