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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 2.128
एकं भूमि-पतिः करोति सचिवं राज्ये प्रमाणं यदा तं मोहात् श्रयते मदः स च मदालस्येन निर्विद्यते ।
निर्विण्णस्य पदं करोति हृदये तस्य स्वतन्त्र-स्पृहा- स्वातन्त्र्य-स्पृहया ततः स नृपतेः प्राणान् अभिद्रुह्यति ॥ १२८ ॥
ekaṃ bhūmi-patiḥ karoti sacivaṃ rājye pramāṇaṃ yadā taṃ mohāt śrayate madaḥ sa ca madālasyena nirvidyate |
nirviṇṇasya padaṃ karoti hṛdaye tasya svatantra-spṛhā- svātantrya-spṛhayā tataḥ sa nṛpateḥ prāṇān abhidruhyati || 128 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.128 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.128). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Eka, Bhumi, Pati, Karoti, Saciva, Rajya, Pramana, Yada, Yad, Tap, Mohat, Moha, Shrayat, Mada, Alasya, Nirvidya, Tad, Yushmad, Nirvinna, Pada, Hridaya, Svatantra, Spriha, Svatantrya, Tatah, Tata, Nripati, Prana, Abhidruh, Ati,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.128). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “ekaṃ bhūmi-patiḥ karoti sacivaṃ rājye pramāṇaṃ yadā taṃ mohāt śrayate madaḥ sa ca madālasyena nirvidyate ”
- ekam -
-
eka (noun, masculine)[accusative single]eka (noun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- bhūmi -
-
bhūmi (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]bhūmi (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]bhūmī (noun, masculine)[adverb], [vocative single]bhūmī (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [vocative single]bhūmī (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- patiḥ -
-
pati (noun, feminine)[nominative single]pati (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- karoti -
-
karoti (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]karoti (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]karoti (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]√kṛ (verb class 8)[present active third single]
- sacivam -
-
saciva (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]
- rājye -
-
rājya (noun, masculine)[locative single]rājya (noun, neuter)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]rājyā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]√rāj -> rājya (participle, masculine)[locative single from √rāj class 1 verb], [locative single from √rāj]√rāj -> rājya (participle, neuter)[nominative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [locative single from √rāj class 1 verb], [nominative dual from √rāj], [vocative dual from √rāj], [accusative dual from √rāj], [locative single from √rāj]√rāj -> rājyā (participle, feminine)[nominative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [vocative single from √rāj class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [nominative dual from √rāj], [vocative single from √rāj], [vocative dual from √rāj], [accusative dual from √rāj]√rāj (verb class 1)[present passive first single]√rāj (verb class 0)[present passive first single]
- pramāṇam -
-
pramāṇa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]pramāṇa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- yadā -
-
yadā (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]yadā (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]yadā (indeclinable)[indeclinable]yad (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]
- tam -
-
ta (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]ta (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]tā (noun, feminine)[adverb]tan (noun, masculine)[adverb]tap (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]tap (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]sa (noun, masculine)[accusative single]
- mohāt -
-
mohāt (indeclinable)[indeclinable]moha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [ablative single]
- śrayate -
-
√śri -> śrayat (participle, masculine)[dative single from √śri class 1 verb]√śri -> śrayat (participle, neuter)[dative single from √śri class 1 verb]√śri (verb class 1)[present middle third single]
- madaḥ -
-
mada (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- sa -
-
sa (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]sa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- madā -
-
mada (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]mada (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]madā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]√mad (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]
- alasyena -
-
alasya (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]alasya (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- nirvidya -
-
nirvidya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]nirvidya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- te -
-
ta (noun, masculine)[locative single]ta (noun, neuter)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]tā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]tad (noun, neuter)[nominative dual], [accusative dual]sa (noun, masculine)[nominative plural]sā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [accusative dual]yuṣmad (pronoun, none)[dative single], [genitive single]
- Line 2: “nirviṇṇasya padaṃ karoti hṛdaye tasya svatantra-spṛhā- svātantrya-spṛhayā tataḥ sa nṛpateḥ prāṇān abhidruhyati ”
- nirviṇṇasya -
-
nirviṇṇa (noun, masculine)[genitive single]nirviṇṇa (noun, neuter)[genitive single]
- padam -
-
pada (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- karoti -
-
karoti (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]karoti (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]karoti (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]√kṛ (verb class 8)[present active third single]
- hṛdaye -
-
hṛdaya (noun, masculine)[locative single]hṛdaya (noun, neuter)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]hṛdayā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- tasya -
-
√tas -> tasya (absolutive)[absolutive from √tas]ta (noun, masculine)[genitive single]ta (noun, neuter)[genitive single]tad (noun, neuter)[genitive single]sa (noun, masculine)[genitive single]√tas (verb class 4)[imperative active second single]
- svatantra -
-
svatantra (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]svatantra (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- spṛhā -
-
spṛhā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- svātantrya -
-
svātantrya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- spṛhayā -
-
spṛhā (noun, feminine)[instrumental single]
- tataḥ -
-
tataḥ (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]tataḥ (indeclinable correlative)[indeclinable correlative]tataḥ (indeclinable)[indeclinable]tad (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]tata (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√tan -> tata (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √tan class 8 verb]sa (noun, masculine)[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]sā (noun, feminine)[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
- sa -
-
sa (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]sa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- nṛpateḥ -
-
nṛpati (noun, masculine)[ablative single], [genitive single]
- prāṇān -
-
prāṇa (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]
- abhidruhya -
-
abhidruh (noun, masculine)[locative single]abhidruh (noun, neuter)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
- ati -
-
ati (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]ati (indeclinable)[indeclinable]ati (Preverb)[Preverb]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.128
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 2.128 in Gujarati sript:
એકં ભૂમિ-પતિઃ કરોતિ સચિવં રાજ્યે પ્રમાણં યદા તં મોહાત્ શ્રયતે મદઃ સ ચ મદાલસ્યેન નિર્વિદ્યતે ।
નિર્વિણ્ણસ્ય પદં કરોતિ હૃદયે તસ્ય સ્વતન્ત્ર-સ્પૃહા- સ્વાતન્ત્ર્ય-સ્પૃહયા તતઃ સ નૃપતેઃ પ્રાણાન્ અભિદ્રુહ્યતિ ॥ ૧૨૮ ॥