Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

निरपेक्षो न कर्तव्यो भृत्यै स्वामी कदाचन ।
निरपेक्षं प्रभुं कृत्वा भृत्यः स्याद् दधि-कर्णवत् ॥ ८३ ॥

nirapekṣo na kartavyo bhṛtyai svāmī kadācana |
nirapekṣaṃ prabhuṃ kṛtvā bhṛtyaḥ syād dadhi-karṇavat || 83 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.83 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.83). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Nirapeksha, Kartavya, Bhriti, Svamin, Kada, Cana, Prabhu, Kritva, Kritvan, Bhritya, Syat, Sya, Dadhi, Karnavat,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.83). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “nirapekṣo na kartavyo bhṛtyai svāmī kadācana
  • nirapekṣo* -
  • nirapekṣa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • kartavyo* -
  • kartavya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    kṛ -> kartavya (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]
    kṛ -> kartavya (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 6 verb]
  • bhṛtyai -
  • bhṛti (noun, feminine)
    [dative single]
    bhṛtī (noun, feminine)
    [dative single]
  • svāmī -
  • svāmin (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • kadā -
  • kadā (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    kadā (indeclinable interrogative)
    [indeclinable interrogative]
    kadā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kadā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • cana -
  • cana (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    cana (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    cana (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    can (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • Line 2: “nirapekṣaṃ prabhuṃ kṛtvā bhṛtyaḥ syād dadhi-karṇavat
  • nirapekṣam -
  • nirapekṣa (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    nirapekṣa (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    nirapekṣā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • prabhum -
  • prabhu (noun, masculine)
    [accusative single]
    prabhu (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
  • kṛtvā -
  • kṛtvā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kṛ -> kṛtvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √kṛ]
    kṛ -> kṛtvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √kṛ]
    kṛ -> kṛtvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √kṛ]
    kṛ -> kṛtvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √kṛ]
    kṛtvan (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • bhṛtyaḥ -
  • bhṛtya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    bhṛtī (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
    bhṛtī (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • syād -
  • syāt (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    syāt (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    sya (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
    as (verb class 2)
    [optative active third single]
  • dadhi -
  • dadhi (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • karṇavat -
  • karṇavat (noun, masculine)
    [compound]
    karṇavat (noun, neuter)
    [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.83

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 2.83 in Gujarati sript:
નિરપેક્ષો ન કર્તવ્યો ભૃત્યૈ સ્વામી કદાચન ।
નિરપેક્ષં પ્રભું કૃત્વા ભૃત્યઃ સ્યાદ્ દધિ-કર્ણવત્ ॥ ૮૩ ॥

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