Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

सुहृदाम् उपकार-कारणाद् द्विषताम् अप्य् अपकार-कारणात् ।
नृप-संश्रय इष्यते बुधैर् जठरं को न बिभर्ति केवलम् ॥ ३५ ॥

suhṛdām upakāra-kāraṇād dviṣatām apy apakāra-kāraṇāt |
nṛpa-saṃśraya iṣyate budhair jaṭharaṃ ko na bibharti kevalam || 35 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.35 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.35). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Suhrid, Upakara, Karana, Dvishat, Dvishata, Apakara, Nripa, Samshraya, Ishyat, Budha, Jathara, Kah, Kevalam, Kevala,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.35). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “suhṛdām upakāra-kāraṇād dviṣatām apy apakāra-kāraṇāt
  • suhṛdām -
  • suhṛd (noun, feminine)
    [genitive plural]
    suhṛd (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
  • upakāra -
  • upakāra (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • kāraṇād -
  • kāraṇa (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
  • dviṣatām -
  • dviṣat (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    dviṣat (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
    dviṣatā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
    dviṣ (verb class 2)
    [imperative middle third plural]
  • Cannot analyse apy*ap
  • apakāra -
  • apakāra (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • kāraṇāt -
  • kāraṇa (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
  • Line 2: “nṛpa-saṃśraya iṣyate budhair jaṭharaṃ ko na bibharti kevalam
  • nṛpa -
  • nṛpa (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • saṃśraya* -
  • saṃśraya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • iṣyate -
  • iṣ -> iṣyat (participle, masculine)
    [dative single from √iṣ class 4 verb]
    iṣ -> iṣyat (participle, neuter)
    [dative single from √iṣ class 4 verb]
    iṣ (verb class 6)
    [present passive third single]
    iṣ (verb class 1)
    [present passive third single]
    iṣ (verb class 4)
    [present passive third single]
    iṣ (verb class 0)
    [present passive third single]
    iṣ (verb class 0)
    [present passive third single]
  • budhair -
  • budha (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental plural]
    budha (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental plural]
  • jaṭharam -
  • jaṭhara (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    jaṭhara (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    jaṭharā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • ko* -
  • kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)
    [indeclinable interrogative]
    ka (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • bibharti -
  • bhṛ (verb class 3)
    [present active third single]
  • kevalam -
  • kevalam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kevala (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    kevala (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    kevalā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.35

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 2.35 in Gujarati sript:
સુહૃદામ્ ઉપકાર-કારણાદ્ દ્વિષતામ્ અપ્ય્ અપકાર-કારણાત્ ।
નૃપ-સંશ્રય ઇષ્યતે બુધૈર્ જઠરં કો ન બિભર્તિ કેવલમ્ ॥ ૩૫ ॥

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