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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 1.198
शोकाराति-भय-त्राणं प्रीति-विश्रम्भ-भाजनम् ।
केन रत्नम् इदं सृष्टं मित्रम् इत्य् अक्षर-द्वयम् ॥ १९८ ॥
śokārāti-bhaya-trāṇaṃ prīti-viśrambha-bhājanam |
kena ratnam idaṃ sṛṣṭaṃ mitram ity akṣara-dvayam || 198 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.198 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.198). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Shoka, Bhaya, Trana, Priti, Vishrambha, Bhajana, Kena, Kah, Kim, Ratna, Idam, Srishta, Mitra, Akshara, Dvayam, Dvaya,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.198). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “śokārāti-bhaya-trāṇaṃ prīti-viśrambha-bhājanam ”
- śokā -
-
śoka (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]śoka (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]śokā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]√śuk (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]
- arāti -
-
arāti (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]arāti (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]
- bhaya -
-
bhaya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]bhaya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]√bhī (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]
- trāṇam -
-
trāṇa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]trāṇa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]trāṇā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- prīti -
-
prīti (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]prītī (noun, masculine)[adverb], [vocative single]prītī (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [vocative single]prītī (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- viśrambha -
-
viśrambha (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]
- bhājanam -
-
bhājana (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]bhājana (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]bhājanā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- Line 2: “kena ratnam idaṃ sṛṣṭaṃ mitram ity akṣara-dvayam ”
- kena -
-
kena (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kena (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]kena (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]ka (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]ka (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[instrumental single]kim (pronoun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- ratnam -
-
ratna (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]ratna (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]ratnā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- idam -
-
idam (pronoun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- sṛṣṭam -
-
sṛṣṭa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sṛṣṭa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]sṛṣṭā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√sṛj -> sṛṣṭa (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √sṛj class 6 verb]√sṛj -> sṛṣṭa (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √sṛj class 6 verb], [accusative single from √sṛj class 6 verb]
- mitram -
-
mitra (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]mitra (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]mitrā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- Cannot analyse ity*ak
- akṣara -
-
akṣara (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]akṣara (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- dvayam -
-
dvayam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]dvaya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]dvaya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.198
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 1.198 in Gujarati sript:
શોકારાતિ-ભય-ત્રાણં પ્રીતિ-વિશ્રમ્ભ-ભાજનમ્ ।
કેન રત્નમ્ ઇદં સૃષ્ટં મિત્રમ્ ઇત્ય્ અક્ષર-દ્વયમ્ ॥ ૧૯૮ ॥