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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 1.156
दानं प्रिय-वाक्-सहितं ज्ञानम् अगर्वं क्षमान्वितं सौर्यम् ।
त्यागं सहितं च वित्तं दुर्लभम् एतच् चतुर् भद्रम् ॥ १५६ ॥
dānaṃ priya-vāk-sahitaṃ jñānam agarvaṃ kṣamānvitaṃ sauryam |
tyāgaṃ sahitaṃ ca vittaṃ durlabham etac catur bhadram || 156 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.156 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.156). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Dana, Priya, Vac, Sahitam, Sahita, Jnana, Agarva, Kshamanvita, Saurya, Tyaga, Vitta, Durlabha, Etad, Caturbhadra,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.156). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “dānaṃ priya-vāk-sahitaṃ jñānam agarvaṃ kṣamānvitaṃ sauryam ”
- dānam -
-
dāna (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]dāna (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- priya -
-
priya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]priya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- vāk -
-
vāc (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
- sahitam -
-
sahitam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]sahita (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sahita (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]sahitā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√sah -> sahita (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √sah class 1 verb], [accusative single from √sah class 10 verb]√sah -> sahita (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √sah class 1 verb], [accusative single from √sah class 1 verb], [nominative single from √sah class 10 verb], [accusative single from √sah class 10 verb]
- jñānam -
-
jñāna (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]jñānā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- agarvam -
-
agarva (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]agarva (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]agarvā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√garv (verb class 1)[imperfect active first single]
- kṣamānvitam -
-
kṣamānvita (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]kṣamānvita (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]kṣamānvitā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- sauryam -
-
saurya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]saurya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- Line 2: “tyāgaṃ sahitaṃ ca vittaṃ durlabham etac catur bhadram ”
- tyāgam -
-
tyāga (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]
- sahitam -
-
sahitam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]sahita (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sahita (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]sahitā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√sah -> sahita (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √sah class 1 verb], [accusative single from √sah class 10 verb]√sah -> sahita (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √sah class 1 verb], [accusative single from √sah class 1 verb], [nominative single from √sah class 10 verb], [accusative single from √sah class 10 verb]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- vittam -
-
vitta (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]vitta (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]vittā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√vid -> vitta (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √vid class 6 verb]√vid -> vitta (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √vid class 6 verb], [accusative single from √vid class 6 verb]√vid -> vitta (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √vid class 7 verb]√vid -> vitta (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √vid class 7 verb], [accusative single from √vid class 7 verb]√vid (verb class 2)[imperative active second dual]
- durlabham -
-
durlabha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]durlabha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]durlabhā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- etac -
-
etad (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]etad (noun, neuter)[compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- caturbhadram -
-
caturbhadra (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]caturbhadra (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]caturbhadrā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.156
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 1.156 in Gujarati sript:
દાનં પ્રિય-વાક્-સહિતં જ્ઞાનમ્ અગર્વં ક્ષમાન્વિતં સૌર્યમ્ ।
ત્યાગં સહિતં ચ વિત્તં દુર્લભમ્ એતચ્ ચતુર્ ભદ્રમ્ ॥ ૧૫૬ ॥