![Hitopadesha [sanskrit] - book cover](/uploads/a/Hitopadesha.jpg)
Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 1.153
धनेन किं यो न ददाति नाश्नुते बलेन किं यश् च रिपून् न याधत्ते ।
श्रुतेन किं यो न च धर्मम् आचरेत् किम् आत्मना यो न जितेन्द्रियो भवेत् ॥ १५३ ॥
dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti nāśnute balena kiṃ yaś ca ripūn na yādhatte |
śrutena kiṃ yo na ca dharmam ācaret kim ātmanā yo na jitendriyo bhavet || 153 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.153 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.153). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Dhana, Kim, Yah, Nri, Bala, Ripu, Shruta, Dharma, Atman, Jitendriya,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.153). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti nāśnute balena kiṃ yaś ca ripūn na yādhatte ”
- dhanena -
-
dhana (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]dhana (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- kim -
-
kim (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]kim (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kim (pronoun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- yo* -
-
yaḥ (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]ya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- dadāti -
-
dadāti (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]√dā (verb class 3)[present active third single]
- nā -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]nā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]nṛ (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- aśnute -
-
√aś (verb class 5)[present middle third single]
- balena -
-
bala (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]bala (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- kim -
-
kim (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]kim (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kim (pronoun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- yaś -
-
yaḥ (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]ya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- ripūn -
-
ripu (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- yā -
-
yā (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]yā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]yā (pronoun, feminine)[nominative single]
- dhatte -
-
√dhā (verb class 3)[present middle third single]
- Line 2: “śrutena kiṃ yo na ca dharmam ācaret kim ātmanā yo na jitendriyo bhavet ”
- śrutena -
-
śruta (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]śruta (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]√śru -> śruta (participle, masculine)[instrumental single from √śru class 5 verb]√śru -> śruta (participle, neuter)[instrumental single from √śru class 5 verb]
- kim -
-
kim (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]kim (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kim (pronoun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- yo* -
-
yaḥ (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]ya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- dharmam -
-
dharma (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]dharman (noun, masculine)[adverb]dharman (noun, neuter)[adverb]dharmā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- ā -
-
ā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]ṛ (noun, feminine)[nominative single]ṛ (noun, masculine)[nominative single]ā (Preverb)[Preverb]
- caret -
-
√car (verb class 1)[optative active third single]
- kim -
-
kim (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]kim (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kim (pronoun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- ātmanā -
-
ātman (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]
- yo* -
-
yaḥ (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]ya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- jitendriyo* -
-
jitendriya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- bhavet -
-
√bhū (verb class 1)[optative active third single]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.153
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 1.153 in Gujarati sript:
ધનેન કિં યો ન દદાતિ નાશ્નુતે બલેન કિં યશ્ ચ રિપૂન્ ન યાધત્તે ।
શ્રુતેન કિં યો ન ચ ધર્મમ્ આચરેત્ કિમ્ આત્મના યો ન જિતેન્દ્રિયો ભવેત્ ॥ ૧૫૩ ॥