Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 1.148

अर्थाः पाद-रजोपमा गिरि-नदी-वेगोपमं यौवनम् आयुष्यं जल-बिन्दु-लोल-चपलं फेनोपमं जीवनम् ।
धर्मं यो न करोति निश्चल-मतिः स्वर्गार्गलोद्घाटनं पश्चात्-ताप-हतो जरा-परिणतः शोकाग्निना दह्यते ॥ १४८ ॥

arthāḥ pāda-rajopamā giri-nadī-vegopamaṃ yauvanam āyuṣyaṃ jala-bindu-lola-capalaṃ phenopamaṃ jīvanam |
dharmaṃ yo na karoti niścala-matiḥ svargārgalodghāṭanaṃ paścāt-tāpa-hato jarā-pariṇataḥ śokāgninā dahyate || 148 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.148 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.148). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Artha, Pada, Rajopama, Gir, Nadi, Nadin, Vega, Upama, Yauvana, Ayushya, Jala, Lola, Capalam, Capala, Phenopama, Jivana, Dharma, Yah, Karoti, Nishcala, Mati, Svargargala, Udghatana, Pashcat, Pashca, Tapa, Hata, Jara, Parinata, Shokagni,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.148). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “arthāḥ pāda-rajopamā giri-nadī-vegopamaṃ yauvanam āyuṣyaṃ jala-bindu-lola-capalaṃ phenopamaṃ jīvanam
  • arthāḥ -
  • artha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • pāda -
  • pāda (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • rajopamā* -
  • rajopama (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    rajopamā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • giri -
  • giri (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    giri (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    gir (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
    gir (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    gir (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
  • nadī -
  • nadī (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [nominative single]
    nadi (noun, masculine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    nadi (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    nadin (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • vego -
  • vega (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    vegā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • upamam -
  • upama (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    upama (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    upamā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • yauvanam -
  • yauvana (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • āyuṣyam -
  • āyuṣya (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    āyuṣya (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    āyuṣyā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • jala -
  • jala (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    jala (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    jal (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • bindu -
  • bindu (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
  • lola -
  • lola (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    lola (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    lul (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • capalam -
  • capalam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    capala (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    capala (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    capalā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • phenopamam -
  • phenopama (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    phenopama (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    phenopamā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • jīvanam -
  • jīvana (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    jīvana (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    jīvanā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • Line 2: “dharmaṃ yo na karoti niścala-matiḥ svargārgalodghāṭanaṃ paścāt-tāpa-hato jarā-pariṇataḥ śokāgninā dahyate
  • dharmam -
  • dharma (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    dharman (noun, masculine)
    [adverb]
    dharman (noun, neuter)
    [adverb]
    dharmā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • yo* -
  • yaḥ (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    ya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • karoti -
  • karoti (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    karoti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    karoti (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    kṛ (verb class 8)
    [present active third single]
  • niścala -
  • niścala (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    niścala (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • matiḥ -
  • mati (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    mati (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • svargārgalo -
  • svargārgala (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • udghāṭanam -
  • udghāṭana (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    udghāṭana (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    udghāṭanā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • paścāt -
  • paścāt (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    paśca (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
    paśca (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
  • tāpa -
  • tāpa (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • hato* -
  • hata (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    han -> hata (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √han class 1 verb], [nominative single from √han class 2 verb]
    han (verb class 2)
    [present active third dual]
  • jarā -
  • jarā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • pariṇataḥ -
  • pariṇata (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • śokāgninā -
  • śokāgni (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
  • dahyate -
  • dah (verb class 1)
    [present passive third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.148

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 1.148 in Gujarati sript:
અર્થાઃ પાદ-રજોપમા ગિરિ-નદી-વેગોપમં યૌવનમ્ આયુષ્યં જલ-બિન્દુ-લોલ-ચપલં ફેનોપમં જીવનમ્ ।
ધર્મં યો ન કરોતિ નિશ્ચલ-મતિઃ સ્વર્ગાર્ગલોદ્ઘાટનં પશ્ચાત્-તાપ-હતો જરા-પરિણતઃ શોકાગ્નિના દહ્યતે ॥ ૧૪૮ ॥

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