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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 1.82
प्राक् पादयोः पतति खादति पृष्ठ-मांसं कर्णे फलं किम् अपि रौति शनैर् विचित्रम् ।
छिद्रं निरूप्य सहसा प्रविशत्य् अशङ्कः सर्वं खलस्य चरितं मशकः करोति ॥ ८२ ॥
prāk pādayoḥ patati khādati pṛṣṭha-māṃsaṃ karṇe phalaṃ kim api rauti śanair vicitram |
chidraṃ nirūpya sahasā praviśaty aśaṅkaḥ sarvaṃ khalasya caritaṃ maśakaḥ karoti || 82 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.82 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.82). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Prak, Pada, Patat, Khadat, Prishtha, Mamsa, Karna, Karni, Phala, Kim, Api, Shanaih, Shana, Vicitram, Vicitra, Chidra, Nirupya, Sahasa, Sahas, Ashanka, Sarvam, Sarva, Khala, Carita, Mashaka, Karoti,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.82). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “prāk pādayoḥ patati khādati pṛṣṭha-māṃsaṃ karṇe phalaṃ kim api rauti śanair vicitram ”
- prāk -
-
prāk (indeclinable)[indeclinable]
- pādayoḥ -
-
pāda (noun, masculine)[genitive dual], [locative dual]
- patati -
-
patat (noun, masculine)[locative single]patat (noun, neuter)[locative single]√pat -> patat (participle, masculine)[locative single from √pat class 1 verb]√pat -> patat (participle, neuter)[locative single from √pat class 1 verb]√pat (verb class 1)[present active third single]
- khādati -
-
√khād -> khādat (participle, masculine)[locative single from √khād class 1 verb]√khād -> khādat (participle, neuter)[locative single from √khād class 1 verb]√khād (verb class 1)[present active third single]
- pṛṣṭha -
-
pṛṣṭha (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- māṃsam -
-
māṃsa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]māṃsa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- karṇe -
-
karṇa (noun, masculine)[locative single]karṇi (noun, masculine)[vocative single]karṇā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- phalam -
-
phala (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]phala (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]phalā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- kim -
-
kim (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]kim (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kim (pronoun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- api -
-
api (indeclinable preposition)[indeclinable preposition]ap (noun, neuter)[locative single]api (Preverb)[Preverb]
- rauti -
-
√ru (verb class 2)[present active third single]
- śanair -
-
śanaiḥ (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]śana (noun, masculine)[instrumental plural]śana (noun, neuter)[instrumental plural]
- vicitram -
-
vicitram (indeclinable)[indeclinable]vicitra (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]vicitra (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]vicitrā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- Line 2: “chidraṃ nirūpya sahasā praviśaty aśaṅkaḥ sarvaṃ khalasya caritaṃ maśakaḥ karoti ”
- chidram -
-
chidra (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]chidra (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]chidrā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- nirūpya -
-
nirūpya (indeclinable)[indeclinable]nirūpya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]nirūpya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- sahasā -
-
sahasā (indeclinable)[indeclinable]sahas (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]sahas (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]sahasā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- Cannot analyse praviśaty*aś
- aśaṅkaḥ -
-
aśaṅka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- sarvam -
-
sarvam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]sarva (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sarva (noun, neuter)[nominative single], [accusative single]
- khalasya -
-
khala (noun, masculine)[genitive single]
- caritam -
-
carita (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]carita (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]caritā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- maśakaḥ -
-
maśaka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- karoti -
-
karoti (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]karoti (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]karoti (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]√kṛ (verb class 8)[present active third single]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.82
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 1.82 in Gujarati sript:
પ્રાક્ પાદયોઃ પતતિ ખાદતિ પૃષ્ઠ-માંસં કર્ણે ફલં કિમ્ અપિ રૌતિ શનૈર્ વિચિત્રમ્ ।
છિદ્રં નિરૂપ્ય સહસા પ્રવિશત્ય્ અશઙ્કઃ સર્વં ખલસ્ય ચરિતં મશકઃ કરોતિ ॥ ૮૨ ॥